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Ta có:
\(T=\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15+7}{x-5}=\frac{3.\left(x-5\right)+7}{x-5}=\frac{3.\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
Để T nguyên thì \(\frac{7}{x-5}\) nguyên
\(\Rightarrow x-5\inƯ\left(7\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{6;4;12;-2\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{6;4;12;-2\right\}\) thì T nguyên
a) \(P=\dfrac{2x+5}{x+3}\inℤ\left(x\inℤ;x\ne-3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+5⋮x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+5-2\left(x+3\right)⋮x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+5-2x-6⋮x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow-1⋮x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3\in\left\{-1;1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-4;-2\right\}\)
b) \(P=\dfrac{3x+4}{x+1}\inℤ\left(x\inℤ;x\ne-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3x+4⋮x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow3x+4-3\left(x+1\right)⋮x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow3x+4-3x-3⋮x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1\in\left\{-1;1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;0\right\}\)
c) \(P=\dfrac{4x-1}{2x+3}\inℤ\left(x\inℤ;x\ne-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-1⋮2x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-1-2\left(2x+3\right)⋮2x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-1-4x-6⋮2x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow-7⋮2x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+3\in\left\{-1;1;-7;7\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;-5;2\right\}\)
a) P=\(\dfrac{2x+5}{x+3}=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)-2}{x+3}=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{x+3}-\dfrac{2}{x+3}=2-\dfrac{2}{x+3}\)
để \(P\inℤ\) thì \(\dfrac{2}{x+3}\inℤ\) hay 2 ⋮ (x-3) ⇒x+3 ϵ Ư2= (2,-2,1,-1)
ta có bảng sau:
x+3 | 2 | -2 | 1 | -1 |
x | -1 | -5 | -2 | -4 |
Vậy x \(\in-1,-2,-5,-4\)
Ta có \(t=\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15+7}{x-5}=\frac{3\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
Để t là số nguyên khi và chỉ khi \(\frac{7}{x-5}\)nguyên
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)\in\text{Ư}\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
\(\cdot x-5=-7\Leftrightarrow x=-2\left(tm\right)\)
\(\cdot x-5=-1\Rightarrow x=4\left(tm\right)\)
\(x-5=1\Rightarrow x=6\left(tm\right)\)
\(\cdot x-5=7\Rightarrow x=12\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;4;6;12\right\}\) thì t nguyên
Ta có
\(\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3\left(x-5\right)+7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\in U\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;7\right\}\)
\(TH1:x-5=7\Rightarrow x=12\)
\(TH2:x-5=-7\Rightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;12\right\}\)
\(t=\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15+7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
\(t\in Z\Rightarrow7⋮\left(x-5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\in\left(1;7;-1;-7\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left(6;12;4;-2\right)\)
Theo bài ra ,ta có:
t=\(\frac{3x-8}{x-5}\) =\(\frac{3x-15+7}{x-5}\) =\(3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
để t \(\in\)Z thì 7\(⋮\) x-5
\(\Rightarrow\)x-5\(\in\)Ư(7)={-1;1;-7;7}
\(\Rightarrow\)x\(\in\)(-2;4;6;12)
Vậy x\(\in\)(-2;4;6;12)
a) Ta có: \(A=\frac{2x-5}{x+1}=\frac{\left(2x+2\right)-7}{x+1}=2-\frac{7}{x+1}\)
Để A nguyên => \(\frac{7}{x+1}\inℤ\) => \(\left(x+1\right)\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)
=> \(x\in\left\{-8;-2;0;6\right\}\)
b) Ta có: \(B=\frac{x+1}{3x+1}\) => \(3B=\frac{3x+3}{3x+1}=\frac{\left(3x+1\right)+2}{3x+1}=1+\frac{2}{3x+1}\)
Để B nguyên => \(\frac{2}{3x+1}\inℤ\Rightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
=> \(3x\in\left\{-3;-2;0;1\right\}\) => \(x\in\left\{-1;-\frac{2}{3};0;\frac{1}{3}\right\}\)
Mà x nguyên => \(x\in\left\{-1;0\right\}\)
Thử lại ta thấy đều thỏa mãn
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-1;0\right\}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{2x-5}{x+1}=\frac{2x+2-7}{x+1}=\frac{2\left(x+1\right)-7}{x+1}=2-\frac{7}{x+1}\)
Vì \(2\inℤ\Rightarrow\frac{-7}{x+1}\inℤ\Rightarrow-7⋮x+1\Rightarrow x+1\inƯ\left(-7\right)\Rightarrow x+1\in\left\{1;7;-1;-7\right\}\)
=> \(x\in\left\{0;6;-2;-8\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;6;-2;-8\right\}\)
b) Để B nguyên
=> 3B nguyên
Khi đó 3B = \(\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{3x+1}=\frac{3x+3}{3x+1}=\frac{3x+1+2}{3x+1}=1+\frac{2}{3x+1}\)
Vì \(1\inℤ\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3x+1}\inℤ\Rightarrow2⋮3x+1\Rightarrow3x+1\inƯ\left(2\right)\Rightarrow3x+1\in\left\{1;2;-2;-1\right\}\)
=> \(3x\in\left\{0;1;-3;-2\right\}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;\frac{1}{3};-1;\frac{-2}{3}\right\}\)
Vì x nguyên
=> \(x\in\left\{0;-1\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;-1\right\}\)