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a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3ax-\left(b+1\right)y=93\\bx+4ay=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;-5\right)\) ta thay \(x=1;y=-5\) vào hệ pt trên, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a.1-\left(b+1\right).\left(-5\right)=93\\b.1+4a.\left(-5\right)=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+5b+5=93\\b-20a=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+5b=93-5\\-\left(20a-b\right)=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+5b=88\\20a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+5b=88\\100a-5b=15\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}103a=103\\3a+5b=88\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\3.1+5b=88\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\5b=88-3=85\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=17\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy để hệ pt trên có nghiệm (1;-5) thì a=1; b=17.
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-2\right)x+5by=25\\2ax-\left(b-2\right)y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
có nghiệm (x; y) =(3; -1), ta thay x =3; y = -1 vào pt, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-2\right).3+5b.\left(-1\right)=25\\2a.3-\left(b-2\right).\left(-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-6-5b=25\\6a+b-2=5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-5b=25+6\\6a+b=5+2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-5b=31\\6a+b=7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6a-10b=62\\6a+b=7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-11b=55\\6a+b=7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=-5\\6.a-5=7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=-5\\6a=7+5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=-5\\6a=12\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=-5\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ pt trên có nghiệm (3; -1) khi a=2, b=-5.
3a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: x≠2;y≠\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x-2}=a;\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=b\) (ĐK: a>0; b>0)
Hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\2\left(2-b\right)-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\4-2b-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{7}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\left(x-2\right)=5\\3\left(2y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x-14=5\\6y-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{7}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\y=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{19}{7};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
b) Bạn làm tương tự như câu a kết quả là (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{12}{5};\dfrac{-14}{5}\right)\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐK: x≥1;y≥0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49\left(x-1\right)=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x-49=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{218}{49}\\y=\dfrac{4}{49}\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\)
Bài 4:
Theo đề, ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(3a-2\right)-2\left(2b+1\right)=30\\3\left(a+2\right)+2\left(3b-1\right)=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>9a-6-4b-2=30 và 3a+6+6b-2=-20
=>9a-4b=38 và 3a+6b=-20+2-6=-24
=>a=2; b=-5
Còn lại tương tự
a, Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}=u\\\frac{1}{y}=v\end{cases}}\left(u;v\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}u+v=\frac{5}{6}\\\frac{1}{6}u+\frac{1}{5}v=\frac{3}{20}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}u=\frac{5}{6}-v\left(1\right)\\\frac{1}{6}u+\frac{1}{5}v=\frac{3}{20}\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Thay (1) vào (2) ta được : \(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{5}{6}-v\right)+\frac{1}{5}v=\frac{3}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{5}{36}-\frac{v}{6}+\frac{v}{5}=\frac{3}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-v}{6}+\frac{v}{5}=\frac{3}{20}-\frac{5}{36}\Leftrightarrow\frac{v}{30}=\frac{1}{90}\Leftrightarrow v=\frac{1}{3}\)(*)
hay \(v=\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow y=3\)
Thay (*) vào (1) ta được : \(u=\frac{5}{6}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{2}\)hay \(u=\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{x}\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy x = 2 ; y = 3
b, \(\hept{\begin{cases}4\left(x+y\right)=5\left(x-y\right)\\\frac{40}{x+y}+\frac{40}{x-y}=9\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{4}{x-y}=\frac{5}{x+y}\left(1\right)\\\frac{40}{x+y}+\frac{40}{x-y}=9\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Xét phương trình 1 ta có : \(\frac{4}{x-y}-\frac{5}{x+y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow4x+4y-5x+5y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x+9y=0\Leftrightarrow x=9y\)(*)
Thay vào 2 ta có : \(\frac{40}{9y+y}+\frac{40}{9y-y}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4}{y}+\frac{5}{y}=9\Leftrightarrow\frac{9}{y}=9\Leftrightarrow y=1\)
Thay y = 1 vào (*) ta có : \(x=9.1=9\)
Vậy x = 9 ; y = 1
Bài 2:
1.Thay m=3, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=5\\2x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+1\right|+\left|y-1\right|=5\\\left|x+1\right|-4y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|y-1\right|-4y=9\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-3,\left(3\right)\left(KTM\right)\left(ĐK:y\ge1\right)\\y=-1,6\left(TM\right)\left(ĐK:y< 1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay y=-1,6 vào hpt, ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+1\right|=2,4\\\left|x+1\right|=-10,4\left(vl\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm.
1. \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx+m^2y=3m\\mx+4y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(m^2-4\right)y=3\left(m-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m-2\right)\left(m+2\right)y=3\left(m-2\right)\)
Để pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(\Rightarrow\left(m-2\right)\left(m+2\right)\ne0\Rightarrow m\ne\pm2\)
Để pt vô nghiệm \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(m-2\right)\left(m+2\right)=0\\3\left(m-2\right)\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m=-2\)
2. Không thấy m nào ở hệ?
3. Bạn tự giải câu a
b/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+2my=2m\\\left(m^2-m\right)x+2my=m^2-m\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{\left(m-1\right)\left(1-x\right)}{2}\\\left(m^2-m-6\right)x=m^2-3m\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để hệ có nghiệm duy nhất \(\Rightarrow m^2-m-6\ne0\Rightarrow m\ne\left\{-2;3\right\}\)
Khi đó: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{m^2-3m}{m^2-m-6}=\frac{m}{m+2}\\y=\frac{\left(m-1\right)\left(1-x\right)}{2}=\frac{m-1}{m+2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x+y^2=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{m}{m+2}+\frac{\left(m-1\right)^2}{\left(m+2\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m\left(m+2\right)+\left(m-1\right)^2=\left(m+2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2-4m-3=0\Rightarrow\) bấm máy, số xấu
4.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m^2x+my=2m^2\\x+my=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(m^2-1\right)x=2m^2-m-1=\left(2m+1\right)\left(m-1\right)\\y=2m-mx\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(m=1\) hệ có vô số nghiệm
- Với \(m=-1\) hệ vô nghiệm
- Với \(m\ne\pm1\) hệ có nghiệm duy nhất:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\left(2m+1\right)\left(m-1\right)}{\left(m-1\right)\left(m+1\right)}=\frac{2m+1}{m+1}\\y=2m-mx=\frac{m}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: =>6y+2-4x+4=5 và 15y+5-8x+8=9
=>-4x+6y=-1 và -8x+15y=-4
=>x=-3/4; y=-2/3
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-1\\y+1=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3y-15+2x-6=0\\7x-28+3y+3y-3=14\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=21\\7x+6y=45\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{19}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-2\right)3+5b=25\\6a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+5b=31\\6a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6a+10b=62\\6a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11b=59\\6a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{46}{33}\\b=\frac{59}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)