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\(A=\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}+\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^4+1}+\sqrt{\left(y-2\right)^4+1}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=u\\y-2=v\end{cases}}\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{u^4+1}+\sqrt{v^4+1}\)(với \(u,v\inℝ\))
Điều kiện đã cho ban đầu trở thành \(\left(u+1\right)\left(v+1\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow uv+u+v+1=\frac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow uv+u+v=\frac{5}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2u-1\right)^2\ge0\forall u\inℝ\\\left(2v-1\right)^2\ge0\forall v\inℝ\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4u^2-4u+1\ge0\\4v^2-4v+1\ge0\end{cases}}\forall u,v\inℝ\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4u^2+1\ge4u\\4v^2+1\ge4v\end{cases}}\Rightarrow u^2+v^2\ge u+v-\frac{1}{2}\forall u,v\inℝ\)(*)
và \(\left(u-v\right)^2\ge0\forall u,v\inℝ\Leftrightarrow u^2-2uv+v^2\ge0\forall u,v\inℝ\)
\(\Rightarrow u^2+v^2\ge2uv\forall u,v\inℝ\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(u^2+v^2\right)\ge uv\forall u,v\inℝ\)(**)
Cộng theo vế của (*) và (**), ta được: \(\frac{3}{2}\left(u^2+v^2\right)\ge uv+u+v-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{4}-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow u^2+v^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)(**
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Minkowski, ta được:
\(A=\sqrt{u^4+1}+\sqrt{v^4+1}\ge\sqrt{\left(u^2+v^2\right)^2+\left(1+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(u^2+v^2\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+4}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+4}=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(u=v=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2};y=\frac{5}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là \(\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)đạt được khi \(x=-\frac{1}{2};y=\frac{5}{2}\)
Đặt \(a=2+x;b=y-1\) thì \(ab=\frac{9}{4}\)
Thì \(\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}=\sqrt{a^4-4a^3+6a^2-4a+2}\)
và \(\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}=\sqrt{b^4-4b^3+6b^2-4b+2}\) (cái này dùng phương pháp đồng nhất hệ số là xong)
Vậy ta tìm Min \(A=\sqrt{a^4-4a^3+6a^2-4a+2}+\sqrt{b^4-4b^3+6b^2-4b+2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^4-4a^3+4a^2\right)+2\left(a^2-2a+1\right)}+\sqrt{\left(b^4-4b^3+4b^2\right)+2\left(b^2-2b+1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2-2a\right)^2+\left[\sqrt{2}\left(a-1\right)\right]^2}+\sqrt{\left(b^2-2b\right)^2+\left[\sqrt{2}\left(b-1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2-2a-2b\right)^2+2\left(a+b-2\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}-2\left(a+b\right)\right]^2+2\left(a+b-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{t^2}{2}-2t\right)^2+2\left(t-2\right)^2}\left(t=a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}=3\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(t-1\right)\left(t-3\right)\left(t^2-4t+5\right)+\frac{17}{4}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Trình bày hơi lủng củng, sr.
a) Với \(x\ge0\)và \(x\ne1\)ta có:
\(P=\frac{10\sqrt{x}}{x+3\sqrt{x}-4}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+4}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{1-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{10\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+4}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{10\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}-\frac{\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{10\sqrt{x}-\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{10\sqrt{x}-\left(2x-5\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(x+5\sqrt{x}+4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{10\sqrt{x}-2x+5\sqrt{x}-3-x-5\sqrt{x}-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3x+10\sqrt{x}-7}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}=\frac{-\left(3x-10\sqrt{x}+7\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}-7\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)}=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}+7}{\sqrt{x}+4}\)
b) \(P=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}+7}{\sqrt{x}+4}=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}-12+19}{\sqrt{x}+4}=\frac{-3\left(\sqrt{x}+4\right)+19}{\sqrt{x}+4}=-3+\frac{19}{\sqrt{x}+4}\)
Vì \(x\ge0\); \(x\ne1\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+4\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{19}{\sqrt{x}+4}\le\frac{19}{4}\)\(\Rightarrow P\le-3+\frac{19}{4}=\frac{7}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)( thỏa mãn )
Vậy \(maxP=\frac{7}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
Mấy bài này dài vật vã ghê =)))))))))))))
1, a, \(\frac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2-5}\)
=\(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{8+4\sqrt{3}-5}\)
= \(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{3+4\sqrt{3}}\)
=\(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)
b, M = \(\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2}-x+1}\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\))
= \(\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(x-1\right)}{x-x+1}\)
= \(\sqrt{3}\left(x-1\right)\)
Thay x = \(2+\sqrt{3}\)(TMĐK) vào M ta có:
M = \(\sqrt{3}\left(2+\sqrt{3}-1\right)=\sqrt{3}\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)=3+\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy với x = \(2+\sqrt{3}\)thì M = \(3+\sqrt{3}\)
2, Mình chỉ giải câu a thôi nhé:
\(\sqrt{1+b}+\sqrt{1+c}\ge2\sqrt{1+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{1+b}+\sqrt{1+c}\right)^2\ge\left(2\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+b+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}+1+c\ge4\left(1+a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+b+c+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\ge4\left(1+a\right)\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(\left(\sqrt{1+b}-\sqrt{1+c}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow2+b+c\ge2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow4+2\left(b+c\right)+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\ge4\left(1+a\right)+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4+2\left(b+c\right)\ge4\left(1+a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4+2\left(b+c\right)\ge4+4a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(b+c\right)\ge4a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b+c\ge2a\)
4*. Thật ra cái này mình xài làm trội, làm giảm là được mà
Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3}}\)
+ .........................................................
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}\)
Cộng tất cả vào
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}\)\(\frac{1}{2}A>\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{4-3}+...+\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1-n}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A>\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A>\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{2}\)
\(A>2\sqrt{n+1}-2\sqrt{2}>2\sqrt{n+1}-3\)
\(A+1>2\sqrt{n+1}-3+1\)
\(A+1>2\sqrt{n+1}-2\)
\(A+1>2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-1\right)\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh.
Theo đề bài, ta có:
x3+y3=x2−xy+y2x3+y3=x2−xy+y2
hay (x2−xy+y2)(x+y−1)=0(x2−xy+y2)(x+y−1)=0
⇒\orbr{x2−xy+y2=0x+y=1⇒\orbr{x2−xy+y2=0x+y=1
+ Với x2−xy+y2=0⇒x=y=0⇒P=52x2−xy+y2=0⇒x=y=0⇒P=52
+ với x+y=1⇒0≤x,y≤1⇒P≤1+√12+√0+2+√11+√0=4x+y=1⇒0≤x,y≤1⇒P≤1+12+0+2+11+0=4
Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x=1;y=0 và P≥1+√02+√1+2+√01+√1=43P≥1+02+1+2+01+1=43
Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x=0;y=1
Vậy max P=4 và min P =4/3