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a) \(A=5-8x-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2.x.4+4^2-16-5\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x+4\right)^2-21\right]\)
\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\)
Dấu "=" khi x + 4 = 0 => x = -4
Vậy GTLN của A là 21 khi x = -4
b) \(B=5-x^2+2x-4y^2-4y\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+4y^2+4y-5\right)\)
\(=-\left[x^2-2x+1+\left(2y\right)^2+2.2y.1+1-7\right]\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\right]+7\le7\)
Dấu "=" khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\2y+1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTLN của B là 7 khi x = 1 và y = -1/2
c) Theo đề: \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}a=b=c}\)(ĐPCM)
d) \(a^2-2a+b^2+4b+4c^2-4c+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2+4b+4\right)+\left(\text{4c^2}-4c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b+2\right)^2+\left(2c-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-1=0\\b+2=0\\2c-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=-2\\c=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy nghiệm phương trình: a = 1; b = -2; c = 1/2
Chúc bạn học tốt ^_^
\(A=4x^2+4x+11\)
\(=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+10\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
Min A = 10 khi: 2x + 1 = 0
<=> x = -1/2
\(1)\)
\(a)\)\(A=5-8x-x^2\)
\(A=-\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+21\)
\(A=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(-\left(x+4\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=-4\)
Vậy GTLN của \(A\) là \(21\) khi \(x=-4\)
\(b)\)\(B=5-x^2+2x-4y^2-4y\)
\(-B=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)-7\)
\(-B=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
\(B=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\-\left(2y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTLN của \(B\) là \(7\) khi \(x=1\) và \(y=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(2)\)\(A=\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right).....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=2\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right).....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right).....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right).....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right).....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(............\)
\(2A=\left(3^{64}-1\right)\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=3^{128}-1\)
\(A=\frac{2^{128}-1}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
Câu 9.
a) Ta có: \(\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)(điều hiển nhiên)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a+1\ge4a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)^2\ge4a\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số không âm:
\(a+1\ge2\sqrt{a}\)
\(b+1\ge2\sqrt{b}\)
\(c+1\ge2\sqrt{c}\)
\(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\ge8\sqrt{abc}=8\)(Vì abc = 1)
Câu 10.
a) Ta có: \(-\left(a-b\right)^2\le0\)(điều hiển nhiên)
\(\Leftrightarrow-a^2+2ab-b^2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\le2a^2+2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)
Có: \(2ab\le a^2+b^2;2bc\le b^2+c^2;2ac\le a^2+c^2\)(BĐT Cauchy)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Vậy \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + bc + ca
<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ca = 0
<=> (a - b)^2 + (b - c)^2 + (c - a)^2 = 0
<=> a - b = 0 và b - c = 0 và c - a = 0
<=> a = b và b = c
<=> a = b = c
b, a2 – 2a + b2 + 4b + 4c2 – 4c + 6 = 0
<=> (a^2 - 2a + 1) + (b^2 + 4b + 4) + (4c^2 - 4c + 1) = 0
<=> (a - 1)^2 + (b + 2)^2 + (2c - 1)^2 = 0
<=> a - 1 = 0 và b + 2 = 0 và 2c - 1 = 0
<=> a = 1 và b = - 2 và c = 1/2
1) a) \(A=100^2-99^2+98^2-97^2+....+2^2-1^2\)
\(=\left(100-99\right)\left(100+99\right)+\left(99-98\right)\left(99+98\right)+....\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)\)
\(=100+99+98+.....+2+1\)
\(=\dfrac{100.101}{2}=5050\)
2) a) \(VP=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2-3a^2b+3ab^2=a^3+b^3=VT\)
b) \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b+3ab^2+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\)Khi \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\) \(\Rightarrow\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
i.i \(A=\dfrac{bc}{a^2}+\dfrac{ca}{b^2}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2}=abc\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc.\dfrac{3}{abc}=3\)iii. \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Rightarrow\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: a=b=c
\(B=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
TH2: a+b+c=0
\(B=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{b+c}{c}\right)\left(\dfrac{a+c}{a}\right)=\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}=-1\)
Tìm GTNN
a/ \(A=4x^2+7x+13=\left(4x^2+7x+\frac{49}{16}\right)+\frac{159}{16}=\left(2x+\frac{7}{4}\right)^2+\frac{159}{16}\ge\frac{159}{16}\)
b/ \(B=5-8x+x^2=\left(x^2-8x+16\right)-11=\left(x-4\right)^2-11\ge-11\)
c/ \(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
6) c) x3 - x2 + x = 1
<=> x3 - x2 + x - 1 = 0
<=> (x3 - x2) + (x - 1) = 0
<=> x2 (x - 1) + (x - 1) = 0
<=> (x - 1) (x2 + 1) = 0
=> x - 1 = 0 hoặc x2 + 1 = 0
* x - 1 = 0 => x = 1
* x2 + 1 = 0 => x2 = -1 => x = -1
Vậy x = 1 hoặc x = -1
Bài 5:
a) Đặt \(A=\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow8A=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow8A=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow8A=\left(3^8-1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow8A=\left(3^{16}-1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow8A=3^{32}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{3^{32}-1}{8}\)
b) (7x+6)2 + (5-6x)2 - (10-12x)(7x+6)
=(7x+6)2 + (5-6x)2 - 2(5-6x)(7x+6)
\(=\left(7x+6-5+6x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(13x+1\right)^2\)
\(4.\)
\(a.A=5-8x-x^2\)
\(=-\left(16+8x+x^2\right)+21\)
\(=-\left(4+x\right)^2+21\le21\)
\(A_{max}=21\)
Dấu '='xảy ra khi \(x=-4\)
\(b.B=5-x^2+2x-4y^2-4y\)
\(=-\left(1-2x+x^2\right)-\left(4+4y+4y^2\right)+10\)
\(=-\left(1-x\right)^2-\left(2+2y\right)^2+10\le10\)
\(B_{max}=10\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=1;y=-1\)
\(5.\)
\(a.\) Ta có:\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-b=0\Leftrightarrow a=b\left(1\right)\)
hay\(b-c=0\Leftrightarrow b=c\left(2\right)\)
hay\(c-a=0\Leftrightarrow c=a\left(3\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\)và\(\left(3\right)\)suy ra:\(a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(b.a^2-2a+b^2+4b+4c^2-4c+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2+4b+4\right)+\left(4c^2-4c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b+2\right)^2+\left(2c-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=1\)
hay\(b+2=0\Leftrightarrow b=-2\)
hay\(2c-2=0\Leftrightarrow c=1\)
V...
^^