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1:
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
______0,2------>0,2------------------->0,2_____(mol)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b) \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
2:
a)
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
______0,2<------0,4------------------>0,2______(mol)
=> \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
nZn = 13/65 = 0.2 (mol)
Zn + H2SO4 => ZnSO4 + H2
0.2......0.2..........................0.2
VH2 = 0.2*22.4 = 4.48 (l)
C%H2SO4 = 0.2*98/200 * 100% = 9.8 %
nCuO = 8/80 = 0.1 (mol)
CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
0.1......0.1...........0.1
=> H2 dư
mCu = 0.1*64 = 6.4 (g)
â) nZn=0,2(mol)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
0,2_____0,2______0,2_____0,2(mol)
=> V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
b) C%ddH2SO4= [(98.0,2)/200)].100=9,8%
c) nCuO=0,1(mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
Ta có: 0,1/1 < 0,2/1
=> H2 dư, CuO hết, tính theo nCuO
=> nCu=nCuO=0,1(mol)
=>mCu=6,4(g)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
18,25 là số gam của dd mà sao tính đc công thức đấy , dd tính theo công thức n/V thôi chứ .
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 0,3
\(a,m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
\(b,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a)Đổi \(V_{H_2SO_4}=100ml=0,1l\)
Số mol của 2,7 gam Al:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)3+3H_2\)
Tỉ lệ 2 : 3 : 1 : 3
0,1 -> 0,15 : 0,05 : 0,15(mol)
Nồng độ mol của dung dịch H2SO4:
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{V_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
b) thể tích của 0,15 mol H2:
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c) nồng độ mol của dd \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\) :
\(C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\) => Al hết, H2SO4 dư
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,2---------------------------->0,3
=> VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2=\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
2 3 ( mol )
0,2 0,5 ( mol )
Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\) ⇒ H2SO4 dư
2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,2 → 0,3 → 0,3 ( mol )\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a.b.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
c.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m_{CuO}}{M_{CuO}}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,3 0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_A=m_{CuO\left(du\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left[\left(0,4-0,3\right).80\right]+\left(0,3.64\right)=8+19,2=27,2g\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\a, 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\\ d,C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\\ e,m_{ddmuoi}=5,4+200-0,3.2=204,8\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{204,8}.100\%\approx16,699\%\)
\(a)2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b)n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0,2-\rightarrow0,3--\rightarrow0,1--\rightarrow0,3\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6g\\ c)m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2g\\ d)C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}\cdot100=14,7\%\\ e)C_{\%Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{5,4+200-0,6}\cdot100=16,7\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\\ C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\)