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\(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=\sqrt{x^2+10x+25}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(x+5\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=\left|x+5\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=x+5\\2x-1=-\left(x+5\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=x+5\\2x-1=-x-5\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=6\\x=-\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)
a)
\(\sqrt{x+3}+2\sqrt{4\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{9\left(x+3\right)}=8\)
\(\sqrt{x+3}+2\cdot2\sqrt{x+3}-\frac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt{x+3}=8\)
\(\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x+3}=8\)
\(4\sqrt{x+3}=8\)
\(\sqrt{x+3}=2\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}2\ge0\left(llđ\right)\\x+3=2^2\end{cases}}\)
\(x+3=4\)
\(x=1\)
b)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2+10x+25\ge0\\4x^2-4x+1=x^2+10x+25\end{cases}}\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x+5\right)^2\ge0\left(lld\right)\\3x^2-6x-24=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=6\\x=-\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)
\(b.\sqrt[3]{x-17}+\sqrt{x+8}=5\) \(\left(ĐK:x\ge-8\right)\)
Đặt: \(a=\sqrt[3]{x-17},b=\sqrt{x+8}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-17=a^3,x+8=b^2\)
Khi đó:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\a^3-b^2=x-17-x-8=-25\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5-b\\a^3-b^2=-25\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5-b\\\left(5-b\right)^3-b^2=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5-b\\b^3-14b^2+75b-150=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5-b\\b^3-5b^2-9b^2+45b+30b-150=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5-b\\b^2\left(b-5\right)-9b\left(b-5\right)+30\left(b-5\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5-b\\\left(b-5\right)\left(b^2-9b+30\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5-b\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=5\\b^2-9b+30=\left(b-\dfrac{9}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}=0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thế vào ta được:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{x-17}=0\\\sqrt{x+8}=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-17=0\\x+8=25\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=17\left(n\right)\)
a) Đk: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2-4x+1\ge0\\x+1\ge0\end{cases}}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}=\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+1=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=5\end{cases}}\)thỏa mãn điều kiện
Vậy x=0 hoặc x=5
2)\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}=0\)(1)
Đk: x>=3 hoặc x=1
pt (1)<=> \(\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-3}+1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x-1}=0\)(vì\(\sqrt{x-3}+1>0\)mọi x )
<=> x-1=0
<=> x=1 ( thỏa mãn điều kiện)
Câu 1 :
Xét điều kiện:\(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge5\\x\le1\end{cases}}\)(Vô lý)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
Câu 2 :
\(2\sqrt{x+2}+2\sqrt{x+2}-3\sqrt{x+2}=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy x=-1
Câu 3 :
\(\sqrt{3x^2-4x+3}=1-2x\)\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-4x+3=1+4x^2-4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=2\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt{2}\)
Câu 4 :
\(4\sqrt{x+1}-3\sqrt{x+1}=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=15\)
a) \(\sqrt{1-x}=\sqrt[3]{8}\) ( ĐK: \(x\le1\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1-x}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-x=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3\) ( Thỏa mãn )
b) \(\sqrt{4x^2-12x+9}=x+1\) ( ĐK : \(x\ge-1\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.3+3^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3\right|=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-3=x+1\\3-2x=x+1\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}}\) ( Thỏa mãn )
c) \(x+\sqrt{x}-2=0\) ( ĐK : \(x\ge0\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\) ( Thỏa mãn )
+) ĐKXĐ : \(x\le1\)
\(\sqrt{1-x}=\sqrt[3]{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1-x}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-x=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3\left(TM\right)\)
+) \(\sqrt{4x^2-12x+9}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3\right|=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-3=x+1\left(x\ge\frac{3}{2}\right)\\2x-3=-x-1\left(x< \frac{3}{2}\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-x=3+1\\2x+x=3-1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\3x=2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}\left(TM\right)}}\)
+) ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge0\)
\(x+\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=2\)
+) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{x}+1=2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=1\left(TM\right)}\)
+) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=2\\\sqrt{x}+1=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=0\end{cases}}}\left(TM\right)\)
Câu 1:
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=2\left(x+1\right)\)
- Với \(x< -1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT\ge0\\VP< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) pt vô nghiệm
- Nhận thấy \(x=-1\) là 1 nghiệm
- Nếu \(x>-1\) kết hợp ĐKXĐ các căn thức ta được \(x\ge1\), pt tương đương:
\(\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}=2\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+6+x-1+2\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x^2+4x-6}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(2x^2+4x-6\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x^2+18x-25=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\frac{25}{7}< 0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm \(x=\pm1\)
Câu 2:
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}-\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+1-\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=2\)
- Nếu \(\sqrt{x-1}-1\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge2\) pt trở thành:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1-\sqrt{x-1}+1=2\Leftrightarrow2=2\) (luôn đúng)
- Nếu \(1\le x< 2\) pt trở thành:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1-1+\sqrt{x-1}=2\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(l\right)\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(x\ge2\)
Câu 3:
Bình phương 2 vế ta được:
\(2x^2+2x+5+2\sqrt{\left(x^2+x+4\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=2x^2+2x+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x^2+x+4\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+4\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=4\)
Đặt \(x^2+x+1=a>0\) pt trở thành:
\(a\left(a+3\right)=4\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-4=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-4\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+1=1\Leftrightarrow x^2+x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 5:
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1-4\sqrt{x-1}+4}+\sqrt{x-1-6\sqrt{x-1}+9}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-3\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2\right|+\left|\sqrt{x-1}-3\right|=1\)
Mà \(VT=\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2\right|+\left|3-\sqrt{x-1}\right|\ge\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2+3-\sqrt{x-1}\right|=1\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\Rightarrow\) Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}-2\ge0\\\sqrt{x-1}-3\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow5\le x\le10\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(5\le x\le10\)
a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{4x-8}=12\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{4}.\sqrt{x-2}=12\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-2}\left(2+1\right)=12\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2=4^2\Rightarrow x=18\)
b) \(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{x-4}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{x-4}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{x-1}.\sqrt{x-4}+\left(\sqrt{x-4}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1-2.\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}+x-4=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-6=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-3=0\)
....
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
\(\sqrt{4x-8}-\sqrt{x-2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4\left(x-2\right)}-\sqrt{x-2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x-2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\) (thỏa mãn)