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Sử dụng định lý Bezout:
a/ \(g\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)⋮g\left(x\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(1\right)=0\\f\left(2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=1\\2a+b=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(g\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right)=0\Rightarrow-a+b=2\Rightarrow b=a+2\)
Tất cả các đa thức có dạng \(f\left(x\right)=2x^3+ax+a+2\) đều chia hết \(g\left(x\right)=x+1\) với mọi a
c/ \(g\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-2\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right)=0\Rightarrow4a+b=-30\)
\(2x^4+ax^2+x+b=\left(x^2-1\right).Q\left(x\right)+x\)
Thay \(x=1\Rightarrow a+b=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+b=-30\\a+b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\frac{28}{3}\\b=\frac{22}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(2\right)=8a+4b-40=0\\f\left(-5\right)=-125a+25b-75=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\\b=\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Ta có: \(g\left(x\right)=x^2-3x+2\)
\(=x^2-x-2x+2\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Vì \(f\left(x\right)⋮g\left(x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)q\left(x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(1\right)=\left(1-1\right)\left(1-2\right)q\left(1\right)=0\left(1\right)\\f\left(2\right)=\left(1-2\right)\left(2-2\right)q\left(2\right)=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow1^4-3.1^3+1^2+a+b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1+a+b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=1\left(3\right)\)
Từ \(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow2^4-3.2^3+2^2+2a+b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4+2a+b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+b=4\left(4\right)\)
Từ \(\left(3\right);\left(4\right)\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=1\\2a+b=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=3\\b=-2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy a=3 và b=-2 để \(f\left(x\right)⋮g\left(x\right)\)
Các phần sau tương tự
2x^3+3x^2-x+a x^2+x-1 2x+1 2x^3+x^2 - - 2x^2-x+a 2x^2+x -2x+a -2x-1 - a+1
Để \(A\left(x\right)⋮B\left(x\right)\Leftrightarrow a+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=-1\)
Vậy ...
a) \(x^3+x^2-x+a=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(a-2\right)\).
Đa thức trên chia hết cho \(x+2\) khi và chỉ khi a = 2.
b) \(x^3+ax^2+2x+b=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)+\left(a-2\right)x^2+\left(b-1\right)\) chia hết cho \(x^2+x+1\) khi và chỉ khi:
\(\frac{a-2}{1}=\frac{0}{1}=\frac{b-1}{1}\Leftrightarrow a=2;b=1\).
c) Tương tự.
a) 3x3-2x2+2 chia x+1= 3x2-5x+5 dư -3 b) -3 chia hết x+1 vậy chon x =2
1)
a) \(-7x\left(3x-2\right)\)
\(=-21x^2+14x\)
b) \(87^2+26.87+13^2\)
\(=87^2+2.87.13+13^2\)
\(=\left(87+13\right)^2\)
\(=100^2\)
\(=10000\)
2)
a) \(x^2-25\)
\(=x^2-5^2\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
b) \(3x\left(x+5\right)-2x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x+5\right)-\left(2x-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x+5\right)-2\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(3x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\3x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\3x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..........
3)
a) \(A:B=\left(3x^3-2x^2+2\right):\left(x+1\right)\)
Vậy \(\left(3x^3-2x^2+2\right):\left(x+1\right)=\left(3x^2-5x-5\right)+7\)
b)
Để \(A⋮B\Rightarrow7⋮\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\in U\left(7\right)=\left\{-1;1-7;7\right\}\)
Vì x là số nguyên nên x=0 ; x=6 thì \(A⋮B\)
\(x^4+2018x^2+2017x+2018\)
\(=\left(x^4-x\right)+\left(2018x^2+2018x+2018\right)\)
\(=x.\left(x^3-1\right)+2018.\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x.\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2018.\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2018\right)\)
\(f\left(x\right)=x^3+2ax+b\)
Vì \(f\left(x\right)⋮\left(x-1\right)\)\(\Rightarrow f\left(1\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow1+2a+b=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow2a+b=-1\)(1)
Vì \(f\left(x\right)\)chia \(x+2\)dư \(3\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8-4a+b=3\Leftrightarrow-4a+b=11\Leftrightarrow4a-b=-11\)(2)
Cộng (1) với (2) ta được \(2a+b+4a-b=6a=-1-11=-12\)\(\Rightarrow a=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow b=3\)
Vậy \(a=-2;b=3\)
