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Sử dụng liên hợp để trục căn thức ở mẫu:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{5}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{5-1}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{4}\)
Tương tự như vậy ta sẽ có:
\(N=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{13}-\sqrt{9}}{\left(\sqrt{13}-\sqrt{9}\right)\left(\sqrt{13}+\sqrt{9}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{17}-\sqrt{13}}{\left(\sqrt{17}-\sqrt{13}\right)\left(\sqrt{17}+\sqrt{13}\right)}\)
\(+\frac{\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{17}}{\left(\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{17}\right)\left(\sqrt{21}+\sqrt{17}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{23}}{\left(\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{23}\right)\left(\sqrt{25}+\sqrt{23}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{13}-\sqrt{9}}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{17}-\sqrt{13}}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{17}}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{23}}{4}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1+\sqrt{13}-\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{17}-\sqrt{13}+\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{17}+\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{23}}{4}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1-\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{21}+\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{23}}{4}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1-3+\sqrt{21}+5-\sqrt{23}}{4}=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{23}}{4}\)
h)
\(H=\frac{(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}})^2-(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}})^2}{\sqrt{(2-\sqrt{3})(2+\sqrt{3})}}=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}-(2-\sqrt{3})}{\sqrt{2^2-3}}=2\sqrt{3}\)
i)
\(I=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2+\sqrt{3+1+2\sqrt{3.1}}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3+1-2\sqrt{3.1}}}=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2+\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}-1)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2+\sqrt{3}+1}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2-(\sqrt{3}-1)}=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{3+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{3-\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{(2+\sqrt{3})(3-\sqrt{3})+(2-\sqrt{3})(3+\sqrt{3})}{(3+\sqrt{3})(3-\sqrt{3})}=\frac{6}{6}=1\)
ê)
\(\sqrt{8+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{20}+\sqrt{40}}=\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{10}}\)
\(=\sqrt{(2+5+2\sqrt{2.5})+1+2(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5})}\)
\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5})^2+1+2(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5})}=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}+1)^2}=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}+1\)
g)
\(13+\sqrt{48}=13+2\sqrt{12}=12+1+2\sqrt{12.1}=(\sqrt{12}+1)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{13+\sqrt{48}}=\sqrt{12}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{3+\sqrt{13+\sqrt{48}}}=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{12}}=\sqrt{3+1+2\sqrt{3.1}}=\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}=\sqrt{3}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow 2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{13+\sqrt{48}}}}=2\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}-1)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}-1)=\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow G=1\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n+4}+\left(n+4\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+4\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+4}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{n+4}-\sqrt{n}}{4\sqrt{n\left(n+4\right)}}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+4}}\right)\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta được
\(\frac{1}{1\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{5\sqrt{9}+9\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{2009\sqrt{2013}+2013\sqrt{2009}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{9}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2009}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}.\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)\)
\(A=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}.\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2=4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}+2\sqrt{\left(4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{2}}\right)\left(4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{2}}\right)}+4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=8+2\sqrt{16-\left(10+2\sqrt{5}\right)}\)
\(=8+2\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=8+2\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5.1}+1}=8+2\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\)
\(=8+2\sqrt{5}-2=6+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}+1\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{5}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{9}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{13}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2005}}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{\left(1+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{9}}{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{9}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{9}\right)}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2001}-\sqrt{2005}}{\left(\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2005}\right)\left(\sqrt{2001}-\sqrt{2005}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{1-5}+\frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{9}}{5-9}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2001}-\sqrt{2005}}{2001-2005}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{9}+....+\sqrt{2001}-\sqrt{2005}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\sqrt{2005}\right)\)
\(=10,94430659\)
\(\text{Lm hơi vắn tắt thông cảm nha!!}\)
a) \(\left(\sqrt{99}-\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{11}\right)\sqrt{11}+3\sqrt{22}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{9\cdot11}-\sqrt{9\cdot2}-\sqrt{11}\right)\sqrt{11}+3\sqrt{22}\)
\(=\left(3\sqrt{11}-3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{11}\right)\sqrt{11}+3\sqrt{22}\)
\(=3\cdot11-3\sqrt{22}-11+3\sqrt{22}\)
\(=33-11=22\)
b)\(3\sqrt{\frac{9}{8}}-\sqrt{\frac{49}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{25}{18}}\)
\(=\frac{9}{\sqrt{8}}-\frac{7}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{5}{\sqrt{18}}\)
\(=\frac{9}{2\sqrt{2}}-\frac{7}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{5}{3\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{27-42+10}{6\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=-\frac{5}{6\sqrt{2}}\)
c)\(\left(1+\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{1-\sqrt{5}}\right)\left(\frac{5+\sqrt{5}}{1+\sqrt{5}}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(1-\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{\sqrt{5}-1}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{1+\sqrt{5}}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\)
\(=1-5=-4\)
Với n > 0 Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}{n+1-n}\)
\(=\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{16}-\sqrt{15}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{14}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{16}+\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{14}+...+\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{9}\)
\(\sqrt{16}+\sqrt{9}=3+4=7\)