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a)
\(S=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2015}+3^{2016}\right)\)
\(S=3\cdot12+3^2\cdot12+...+3^{2014}\cdot12=12\cdot\left(3+3^2+...+3^{2014}\right)⋮4\)
\(S=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+...+\left(3^{2014}+3^{2015}+3^{2016}\right)\)
\(S=3\cdot13+3^4\cdot13+...+3^{2014}\cdot13=13\cdot\left(3+3^4+...+3^{2014}\right)⋮13\)
b)
Tính S:
\(3S-S=\left(3^2+3^3+...+3^{2017}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2016}\right)\)
\(2S=3^{2017}-3\) suy ra \(2S+3=3^{2017}\) là 1 lũy thừa của 3.
c)
Ta có \(S=\frac{3^{2017}-3}{2}\)
\(3^{2017}=\left(3^4\right)^{504}\cdot3=81^{504}\cdot3\)có tận cùng là 3.(Tự hiểu nha em)
Do đó \(3^{2017}-3\)tận cùng là 0 nên S có tận cùng là 0
\(S=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2016}\)
\(3S=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^{2017}\)
\(3S-S=\left(3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2017}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2017}\right)\)
\(2S=3^{2017}-3\)
\(S=\frac{3^{2017}-3}{2}\)
Vậy 2S + 3 = \(\left(\frac{3^{2017}-3}{2}\right).2+3\)\(=3^{2017}-3+3=3^{2017}\)
Vậy 2S + 3 là một lũy thừa của 3 (đpcm)
Bài 1 : \(A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{31}\)
a. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^9.\left(1.3.3^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13+3^9.13\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13.\left(1+...+3^9\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮13\)
b. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^8.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40+...+3^8.40\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40.\left(1+...+3^8\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮40\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(C=3+3^2+3^4+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=(3+3^2+3^3+3^4)+...+(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99}+3^{100})\)
\(\Rightarrow3.(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^{97}.(1+3+3^2+3^3)\)
\(\Rightarrow3.40+...+3^{97}.40\)
Vì tất cả các số hạng của biểu thức C đều chia hết cho 40
\(\Rightarrow C⋮40\)
Vậy \(C⋮40\)
a,: S chia hết cho 12 S=(3+3^2 )+(3^3+3^4)+...+(3^1997+3^1998) S=3.(3+3^2)+3^3.(3+3^2)+...+3^1997.(3+3^2) S=3.12+3^3.12+...+3^1997.12 S=12.(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^1998)
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1. \(A=2^{2016}-1\)
\(2\equiv-1\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow2^{2016}\equiv1\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow2^{2016}-1\equiv0\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow A⋮3\)
\(2^{2016}=\left(2^4\right)^{504}=16^{504}\)
16 chia 5 dư 1 nên 16^504 chia 5 dư 1
=> 16^504-1 chia hết cho 5
hay A chia hết cho 5
\(2^{2016}-1=\left(2^3\right)^{672}-1=8^{672}-1⋮7\)
lý luận TT trg hợp A chia hết cho 5
(3;5;7)=1 = > A chia hết cho 105
2;3;4 TT ạ !!
A=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^9
=(3+3^2+3^3) + 3^3(3+3^2+3^3)+3^6(3+3^2+3^3)
=(3+3^2+3^3).(1+3^3+3^6)
=3(1+3+3^2)(1+3^3+3^6)
=3.13.(1+3^3+3^6) chia hết cho 13
\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^7+3^8+3^9\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+.....+3^7\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=13\left(3+3^4+3^7\right)⋮13\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đặt A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+\dfrac{1}{4.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100.100}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\)
\(\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
Nhân xét :
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}=1-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2.3}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3.4}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4};\)
\(...;\dfrac{1}{99.100}=\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\)
\(\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{99}{100}\)
Vì \(A< \dfrac{99}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)
Bài 1)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta thấy:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};....;\dfrac{1}{100^2}=\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+....+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A < \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+......+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A < \(1-\dfrac{1}{100}\) < 1 \(\Rightarrow\) A < 1
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)< 1
\(S=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{11}\left(1+2\right)=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{11}\right)⋮3\)
\(S=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{10}\left(1+2+2^2\right)=7\left(2+...+2^{10}\right)⋮7\)
Vì S chia hết cho 2 và S chia hết cho 3
nên \(S⋮6\)
S = 3 + 3 2 + 3 3 + 3 4 + 3 5 + 3 6 + 3 7 + 3 8 + 3 9 = 3 + 3 2 + 3 3 + 3 4 + 3 5 + 3 6 + 3 7 + 3 8 + 3 9 = 39 + 3 3 . 39 + 3 6 . 39 = 39. 1 + 3 3 + 3 6 ⋮ − 39
Vậy S chia hết cho -39