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a, Xét tử thức \(x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left[\left(x-z\right)-\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(x-z\right)-z^2\left(y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-z^2\right)\left(y-z\right)-\left(y^2-z^2\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-z\right)-\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(xy-xz+yz-z^2-y^2-yz+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(xy-xz+yz-y^2\right)=\left(x-z\right)\left[x\left(y-z\right)-y\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
Mẫu thức \(x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-y^3=x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(y-z\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-y^3}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\frac{x-z}{x+y}\)
b, \(\frac{x^5+x+1}{x^3+x^2+x}=\frac{x^5-x^2+x^2+x+1}{x\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\frac{x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^2+x+1}{x\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\frac{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+1\right)}{x\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\frac{x^3-x^2+1}{x}\)
\(\frac{x^2-3x+2}{x^3-1}=\frac{x^2-2x-x+2}{\left(x-1\right).\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x.\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-1\right).\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\frac{\left(x-1\right).\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-1\right).\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x-2}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(a,\frac{\left(2x^2+2x\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x^3-4x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x-2\right)}{x+2}\)
Với \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(x-2\right)}{x+2}=\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{2}-2\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+2}=\frac{2.-\frac{3}{2}}{\frac{5}{2}}=-3.\frac{2}{5}=\frac{-6}{5}\)
b,Do x = -5; y = 10=> y = -2x
Thay y = -2x vào biểu thức ta được
\(\frac{x^3-x^2\left(-2x\right)+x\left(-2x\right)^2}{x^3+\left(-2x\right)^3}\)
\(=\frac{x^3+2x^3+2x^2}{x^3-8x^3}\)
\(=\frac{3x^3+2x^2}{-7x^3}=\frac{3}{-7}+\frac{2}{-7x}\)
Thay x = -5 là đc
\(a,\frac{x}{xy-y^2}+\frac{2x-y}{xy-x^2}:\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{x}{y\left(x-y\right)}+\frac{y-2x}{x\left(x-y\right)}\right):\left(\frac{y}{xy}+\frac{x}{xy}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{x-y}{x\left(x-y\right)}\right):\left(\frac{x+y}{xy}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x}.\frac{xy}{x+y}=\frac{y}{x+y}\)
\(a,\frac{3.\left(x-y\right)}{y-x}=\frac{-3.\left(y-x\right)}{y-z}=-3\)
\(b,\frac{x^2-x}{1-x}=\frac{x.\left(x-1\right)}{1-x}=\frac{-x.\left(1-x\right)}{1-x}=-x\)
\(\frac{3\left(x-y\right)}{y-x}=\frac{3\left(x-y\right)}{-1\left(x-y\right)}=-3\)
\(\frac{x^2-x}{1-x}=\frac{x\left(x-1\right)}{-1\left(x-1\right)}=-x\)