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\(3y^2\left(a-3x\right)-a\left(a-3x\right)=\left(3y^2-a\right)\left(a-3x\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) (1-2x)(1+2x)-x(x+2)(x-2)
\(=1-4x^2-x\left(x^2-4\right)\)
\(=1-4x^2-x^3+4x\)
\(=\left(1-x^3\right)+\left(4x-4x^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x+x^2\right)+4x\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x+x^2+4x\right)\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)\left(x^2+5x+1\right)\)
\(a\left(a+2b\right)^3-b\left(2a+b\right)^3\)
\(=a\left(a^3+6a^2b+12ab^2+8b^3\right)-b\left(8a^3+12a^2b+6ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(=a^4+6a^3b+12a^2b^2+8b^3a-8a^3b-12a^2b^2+6ab^3-b^4\)
\(=a^4+6a^3b+8b^3a-8a^3b-6ab^3-b^4\)
\(=\left(a^4-b^4\right)+\left(6a^3b-6ab^3\right)+\left(8b^3a-8a^3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^3\right)+6ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)+8ab\left(b^2-a^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^3\right)+6ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-8ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^3+6a^2b+6ab^2-8a^2b-8ab^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-a^2b-ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left[a^2\left(a-b\right)-b^2\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^3\left(a+b\right)\)
a)27x3+27x2+9x+1+x+1/3
=(3x+1)3+1/3(3x+1)
=(3x+1)[(3x+1)2+1/3]
=(3x+1)(9x2+6x+4/3)
b)8xy3-5xyz-24y2+15z
=(8xy3-24y2)-(5xyz-15z)
=8y2(xy-3)-5z(xy-3)
=(xy-3)(8y2-5z)
c)x4+x3+x+1
=x3(x+1)+(x+1)
=(x+1)(x3+1)
=(x+1)(x+1)(x2-x+1)
=(x+1)2(x2-x+1)
d)a6-a4-2a3+2a2
=a4(a-1)(a+1)-2a2(a-1)
=(a-1)(a5+a4-2a2)
=(a-1)(a5-a4+2a4-2a2)
=(a-1)[a4(a-1)+2a2(a-1)(a+1)]
=(a-1)(a-1)(a4+2a3+2a2)
=(a-1)2(a4+2a3+2a2)
\(x^4+x^3+x+1\)
\(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
Tạm thời phân tích như sau:
i) x4 - 2x3 + 2x - 1
= (x4 - 1) - (2x3 - 2x)
= (x2 + 1).(x2 -1) - 2x.(x2 - 1)
= (x2 - 1).(x2 - 2x + 1)
j) a6 - a4 + 2a3 + 2a2
= (a3 + a2).(a3 - a2) + 2.(a3 + a2)
= (a3 + a2).(a3 - a2 +2)
k) x4 - x3 + 2x2 + x + 1 (tạm thời giải thế này)
= x3.(x - 1) + (2x + 3 - \(\frac{4}{x-1}\)).(x -1)
= (x - 1).(x3 + 2x + 3 - \(\frac{4}{x-1}\))
Nếu đề là:
x4 + x3 + 2x2 + x + 1
= x4 + x2 + x3 + x + x2 + 1
= x2.(x2 + 1) + x.(x2 + 1) + x2 + 1
= (x2 + 1).(x2 + x + 1)
m) x2y + xy2 + x2z + y2z + 2xyz
= xy.(x + y) + z.(x2 + 2xy + y2)
= xy.(x + y) + z.(x + y).(x + y)
= (x + y).(xy + xz + yz)
n) x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1
= x4.(x + 1) + x2.(x + 1) + x + 1
= (x + 1).(x4 + x2 + 1)
\(x^4-2x^3+2x-1\)
\(=\left(x^4-1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3\left(x+1\right)\)
Bài 1.
a) x( 8x - 2 ) - 8x2 + 12 = 0
<=> 8x2 - 2x - 8x2 + 12 = 0
<=> 12 - 2x = 0
<=> 2x = 12
<=> x = 6
b) x( 4x - 5 ) - ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
<=> 4x2 - 5x - ( 4x2 + 4x + 1 ) = 0
<=> 4x2 - 5x - 4x2 - 4x - 1 = 0
<=> -9x - 1 = 0
<=> -9x = 1
<=> x = -1/9
c) ( 5 - 2x )( 2x + 7 ) = ( 2x - 5 )( 2x + 5 )
<=> -4x2 - 4x + 35 = 4x2 - 25
<=> -4x2 - 4x + 35 - 4x2 + 25 = 0
<=> -8x2 - 4x + 60 = 0
<=> -8x2 + 20x - 24x + 60 = 0
<=> -4x( 2x - 5 ) - 12( 2x - 5 ) = 0
<=> ( 2x - 5 )( -4x - 12 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-5=0\\-4x-12=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{2}\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
d) 64x2 - 49 = 0
<=> ( 8x )2 - 72 = 0
<=> ( 8x - 7 )( 8x + 7 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}8x-7=0\\8x+7=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{7}{8}\\x=-\frac{7}{8}\end{cases}}\)
e) ( x2 + 6x + 9 )( x2 + 8x + 7 ) = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2( x2 + x + 7x + 7 ) = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2 [ x( x + 1 ) + 7( x + 1 ) ] = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2( x + 1 )( x + 7 ) = 0
<=> x = -3 hoặc x = -1 hoặc x = -7
g) ( x2 + 1 )( x2 - 8x + 7 ) = 0
Vì x2 + 1 ≥ 1 > 0 với mọi x
=> x2 - 8x + 7 = 0
=> x2 - x - 7x + 7 = 0
=> x( x - 1 ) - 7( x - 1 ) = 0
=> ( x - 1 )( x - 7 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-7=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=7\end{cases}}\)
Bài 2.
a) ( x - 1 )2 - ( x - 2 )( x + 2 )
= x2 - 2x + 1 - ( x2 - 4 )
= x2 - 2x + 1 - x2 + 4
= -2x + 5
b) ( 3x + 5 )2 + ( 26x + 10 )( 2 - 3x ) + ( 2 - 3x )2
= 9x2 + 30x + 25 - 78x2 + 22x + 20 + 9x2 - 12x + 4
= ( 9x2 - 78x2 + 9x2 ) + ( 30x + 22x - 12x ) + ( 25 + 20 + 4 )
= -60x2 + 40x2 + 49
d) ( x + y )2 - ( x + y - 2 )2
= [ x + y - ( x + y - 2 ) ][ x + y + ( x + y - 2 ) ]
= ( x + y - x - y + 2 )( x + y + x + y - 2 )
= 2( 2x + 2y - 2 )
= 4x + 4y - 4
Bài 3.
A = 3x2 + 18x + 33
= 3( x2 + 6x + 9 ) + 6
= 3( x + 3 )2 + 6 ≥ 6 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 3 = 0 => x = -3
=> MinA = 6 <=> x = -3
B = x2 - 6x + 10 + y2
= ( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + y2 + 1
= ( x - 3 )2 + y2 + 1 ≥ 1 ∀ x,y
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\y^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
=> MinB = 1 <=> x = 3 ; y = 0
C = ( 2x - 1 )2 + ( x + 2 )2
= 4x2 - 4x + 1 + x2 + 4x + 4
= 5x2 + 5 ≥ 5 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> 5x2 = 0 => x = 0
=> MinC = 5 <=> x = 0
D = -2/7x2 - 8x + 7 ( sửa thành tìm Max )
Để D đạt GTLN => 7x2 - 8x + 7 đạt GTNN
7x2 - 8x + 7
= 7( x2 - 8/7x + 16/49 ) + 33/7
= 7( x - 4/7 )2 + 33/7 ≥ 33/7 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 4/7 = 0 => x = 4/7
=> MaxC = \(\frac{-2}{\frac{33}{7}}=-\frac{14}{33}\)<=> x = 4/7
\(a.=x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2=x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)\)
b.\(=2x^3+x^2-2x^2-x-2x-1=x^2\left(2x+1\right)-x\left(2x-1\right)-\left(2x-1\right)\)\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(x^2-x-1\right)\)
c.\(3x^3-x^2+6x^2-2x-12x+4=x^2\left(3x-1\right)+2x\left(3x-1\right)-4\left(3x-1\right)\)\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x^2+2x-4\right)\)
d.\(3x^3-x^2-6x^2+2x+15x-5=x^2\left(3x-1\right)-2x\left(3x-1\right)+5\left(3x-1\right)\)\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x+5\right)\)
t i c k cho mình nha
h) (x+1)(x+4)(x+2)(x+3) - 24
= (x2+4x+x+4)(x2+3x+2x+6)-24
=(x2+5x+5-1)(x2+5x+5+1)-24
=(x2+5x+5)2 -12 -24
=(x2+5x+5)2 -25
=(x2+5x+5)2 -52
=(x2+5x+5-5)(x2+5x+5+5)
=(x2+5x)(x2+5x+10)
i) 4(x2+5x+10x+50)(x2+6x+12x+72)-3x2
=4[x(x+5)+10(x+5)].[x(x+6)+12(x+6)]- 3x2
=4(x+10)(x+5)(x+12)(x+6)-3x2
=4(x+10)(x+6)(x+12)(x+5)-3x2
=4(x2+6x+10x+60)(x2+5x+12x+60)-3x2
=4(x2+16x+60)(x2+17x+60)-3x2
Đặt (x2+16x+60) = a
Ta có: 4a(a+x)-3x2
=4a2+4ax -3x2
=(2a)2 + 2.2a.x +x2 -4x2
= [ (2a) +x]2 - (2x)2
= [ (2a) +x -2x].[(2a) + x +2x)]
=[ (2a) -x].[(2a) + 3x)]
sau đó ta thế a = (x2+16x+60) rồi rút gọn là xong ^^
Bài 7: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) Ta có: \(a^2-b^2-2a+2b\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b-2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(3x-3y-5x\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3+5x\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(16-x^2+4xy-4y^2\)
\(=16-\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)\)
\(=16-\left(x-2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(4-x+2y\right)\left(4+x-2y\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(x-y+4\right)^2-\left(2x+3y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+4-2x-3y+1\right)\left(x-y+4+2x+3y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(5-x-4y\right)\left(3x+2y+3\right)\)
e) Ta có: \(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^4+2x^2+1\right)+\left(x^3+x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2+x\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1+x\right)\)
f) Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)^3+\left(x-3\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+3+x-3\right)\left[\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-3\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2x\cdot\left[x^2+6x+9-\left(x^2-9\right)+x^2-6x+9\right]\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(2x^2+18-x^2+9\right)\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(x^2+27\right)\)
g) Ta có: \(9x^2-3xy+y-6x+1\)
\(=\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)-y\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)^2-y\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x-1-y\right)\)
h) Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27\)
\(=x^3-3x^2-x^2+3x+9x-27\)
\(=x^2\left(x-3\right)-x\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)