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Đáp án đề thi vòng 1:

Bài 1:

a, \(A=\dfrac{50-\dfrac{4}{13}+\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{2}{17}}{100-\dfrac{8}{13}+\dfrac{4}{15}-\dfrac{4}{17}}=\dfrac{50-\dfrac{4}{13}+\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{2}{17}}{2\left(50-\dfrac{4}{13}+\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{2}{17}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b, \(B=\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{9}{19.29}+\dfrac{9}{29.39}+...+\dfrac{9}{1999.2009}\)

\(=\dfrac{9}{9.19}+\dfrac{9}{19.29}+\dfrac{9}{29.39}+...+\dfrac{9}{1999.2009}\)

\(=\dfrac{9}{10}\left(\dfrac{10}{9.19}+\dfrac{10}{19.29}+\dfrac{10}{29.39}+...+\dfrac{10}{1999.2009}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{9}{10}\left(\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{29}-\dfrac{1}{39}+...+\dfrac{1}{1999}-\dfrac{1}{2009}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{9}{10}\left(\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{2009}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{200}{2009}\)

Vậy \(B=\dfrac{200}{2009}\)

Bài 2:

a, Giải:

Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{b}{3c}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{3c}.\dfrac{c}{9a}=\dfrac{1}{27}\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{b}{3c}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{3c}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)

b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{2013.2015}+\dfrac{1}{2014.2016}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{1.3}+\dfrac{2}{2.4}+\dfrac{2}{3.5}+\dfrac{2}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{2}{2013.2015}+\dfrac{2}{2014.2016}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(\dfrac{2}{1.3}+\dfrac{2}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{2}{2013.2015}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{2.4}+\dfrac{2}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{2}{2014.2016}\right)\right]\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2013}-\dfrac{1}{2015}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{2014}-\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)\right]\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2015}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)\right]\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2.2015}-\dfrac{1}{2.2016}< \dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

Bài 3:
a, \(VP=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)=x^2-xy+xy-y^2=x^2-y^2=VT\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

b, Giải:

a, b, c là độ dài các cạnh của một tam giác nên \(a+b>c,a+c>b,b+c>a\) ( bất đẳng thức tam giác )

\(\Rightarrow a+b-c>0,a-b+c>0,-a+b+c>0\) (*)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\le a^2\\b^2-\left(c-a\right)^2\le b^2\\c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\le c^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a-b+c\right)\le a^2\\\left(b+c-a\right)\left(b-c+a\right)\le b^2\\\left(c+a-b\right)\left(c-a+b\right)\le c^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Kết hợp (*) ta có: \(\left[\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a-b+c\right)\left(-a+b+c\right)\right]^2\le\left(abc\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a-b+c\right)\left(-a+b+c\right)\le abc\left(đpcm\right)\)

Vậy \(\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a-b+c\right)\left(-a+b+c\right)\le abc\)

Bài 4:

A B C I D E

Giải:

Vẽ \(CD\perp BI\) tại D, CD cắt AB tại E

\(\Delta BCE\) cân tại B do BD vừa là đường cao, vừa là đường phân giác

\(\Rightarrow BD\) cũng là đường trung tuyến của \(\Delta BCE\)

\(\Rightarrow BE=BC,CE=2CD\)

Mặt khác: \(\widehat{BIC}=180^o-\left(\widehat{IBC}+\widehat{ICB}\right)\)

\(=180^o-\left(\dfrac{\widehat{ABC}}{2}+\dfrac{\widehat{ACB}}{2}\right)=135^o\)

\(\Rightarrow\widehat{DIC}=45^o\Rightarrow\Delta DIC\) vuông cân tại D

Do đó \(CI^2=DI^2+CD^2=2CD^2\)

Ta có: \(AE=BE-AB=BC-AB\)

\(\Delta ACE\) vuông tại A \(\Rightarrow CE^2=AE^2+AC^2\)

\(\Rightarrow4CD^2=\left(BC-AB\right)^2+AC^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2CI^2=\left(BC-AB\right)^2+AC^2\)

\(\Rightarrow CI^2=\dfrac{\left(BC-AB\right)^2+AC^2}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Vậy \(CI^2=\dfrac{\left(BC-AB\right)^2+AC^2}{2}\)

Bài 5:

a, Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\) ta có:

\(\left|x-2013\right|+\left|x-2016\right|=\left|x-2013\right|+\left|2016-x\right|\ge x-2013+2016-x=3\)

Kết hợp với giả thiết, ta có:

\(\left|x-2014\right|+\left|y-2015\right|\le0\)

Điều này chỉ xảy ra khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2014\right|=0\\\left|y-2015\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2014\\y=2015\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay vào \(\left|x-2013\right|+\left|x-2014\right|+\left|y-2015\right|+\left|x-2016\right|=3\), ta thấy thỏa mãn

Vậy \(x=2014,y=2015\)

b, Giải:

Giả sử không có hai số nào trong 2013 số tự nhiên \(a_1,a_2,...,a_{2013}\) bằng nhau

Do đó, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a_1}+\dfrac{1}{a_2}+...+\dfrac{1}{a_{2013}}\le1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2013}< 1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2}=1+1006=1007\)

Mâu thuẫn với giả thiết

Vậy ít nhất hai trong 2013 số tự nhiên đã cho bằng nhau.

15
29 tháng 5 2017

thầy @phynit sửa chỗ \(\left(BC-AB^2\right)\) thành \(\left(BC-AB\right)^2\) giúp em với ạ!

29 tháng 5 2017

bài 1, 2b, 3a, 5b em lm đúng mà, s đc 6 nhể, trình bày sai chỗ nìu ạ

20 tháng 8 2017

bấm máy tính là ra mak

21 tháng 8 2017

Bạn tính hai vế à.!? Hay tính vế thứ nhất rồi với vế thứ 2.!???

13 tháng 7 2018

\(a)\dfrac{-5}{21}-\dfrac{1}{3}+3\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{-2}{3}\right)^3\)

\(=\dfrac{-5}{21}+\dfrac{-7}{21}+\dfrac{7}{2}.\dfrac{-8}{27}\)

\(=-\dfrac{4}{7}+\dfrac{-28}{27}\)

\(=\dfrac{-108}{189}+\dfrac{-196}{189}\)

\(=-\dfrac{304}{189}\)

14 tháng 7 2018

\(b)-2\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(\dfrac{3}{8}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^3:\dfrac{5}{9}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=-\dfrac{7}{3}+\left(\dfrac{3}{8}-\dfrac{6}{8}\right)^3.\dfrac{9}{5}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=-\dfrac{7}{3}+\left(-\dfrac{3}{8}\right)^3.\dfrac{9}{5}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=-\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{-27}{512}.\dfrac{9}{5}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=-\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{-243}{2560}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{-17920}{7680}+\dfrac{-729}{7680}+\dfrac{-3840}{7680}\)

\(=\dfrac{-22489}{7680}\)

a: \(A=\dfrac{3^6\cdot3^8\cdot5^4-3^{13}\cdot5^{13}\cdot5^{-9}}{3^{12}\cdot5^6+5^6\cdot3^{12}}\)

\(=\dfrac{3^{14}\cdot5^4-3^{13}\cdot5^4}{2\cdot3^{12}\cdot5^6}\)

\(=\dfrac{3^{13}\cdot5^4\cdot\left(3-1\right)}{2\cdot3^{12}\cdot5^6}=\dfrac{3}{5^2}=\dfrac{3}{25}\)

c: \(C=\dfrac{\dfrac{27}{64}+\dfrac{125}{64}-5\cdot\dfrac{16-15}{12}}{\dfrac{25}{64}+\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{5}{6}}\)

\(=\dfrac{47}{24}:\dfrac{1}{576}=47\cdot24=1128\)

 

16 tháng 9 2017

a) \(A=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(-\dfrac{3}{5}\right)+\dfrac{1}{72}-\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{1}{36}+\dfrac{1}{15}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{72}-\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{1}{36}+\dfrac{1}{15}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{1}{36}\right)+\dfrac{1}{72}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{5}{15}+\dfrac{9}{15}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)-\left(\dfrac{27}{36}+\dfrac{8}{36}+\dfrac{1}{36}\right)+\dfrac{1}{72}\)

\(=1-1+\dfrac{1}{72}\)

\(=0+\dfrac{1}{72}=\dfrac{1}{72}\)

b) \(B=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}-\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{7}{13}-\dfrac{2}{11}-\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{3}{7}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{9}-\dfrac{5}{9}\right)-\left(\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{7}{13}+\dfrac{2}{11}\right)\)

\(=0+0+0-\left(\dfrac{286}{1287}-\dfrac{693}{1287}+\dfrac{234}{1287}\right)\)

\(=-\left(-\dfrac{173}{1287}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{173}{1287}\)

c) \(C=\dfrac{1}{100}-\dfrac{1}{100.99}-\dfrac{1}{99.98}-.....-\dfrac{1}{3.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.1}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(\dfrac{1}{100.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.98}+\dfrac{1}{98.97}+...+\dfrac{1}{3.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.1}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{97.98}+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}-\dfrac{1}{98}+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-49}{50}\)

a: \(=\dfrac{2^{19}\cdot3^9+3^9\cdot5\cdot2^{18}}{2^{19}\cdot3^9+2^{10}}\)

\(=\dfrac{3^9\cdot2^{18}\cdot\left(2+5\right)}{2^{10}\cdot\left(2^9\cdot3^9+1\right)}=\dfrac{3^9\cdot7\cdot2^8}{6^9+1}\)

b: \(=\dfrac{\dfrac{-1}{8}-\dfrac{27}{64}\cdot4}{-2+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{3}{8}}=\dfrac{-29}{16}:\dfrac{-29}{16}=1\)

13 tháng 9 2017

a/ \(\dfrac{\left(1+2+.....+100\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)\left(6,3.12-21.36\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+.......+\dfrac{1}{100}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(1+2+3+.....+100\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{9}\right).0}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+.......+\dfrac{1}{100}}\)

\(=\dfrac{0}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100}}\)

\(=0\)

13 tháng 9 2017

bn có chép sai đề bài ko vậy

20 tháng 8 2017

1.Tính

a.\(\dfrac{7}{23}\left[(-\dfrac{8}{6})-\dfrac{45}{18}\right]=\dfrac{7}{23}.-\dfrac{12}{6}=-\dfrac{7}{6}\)

b.\(\dfrac{1}{5}\div\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{3}(\dfrac{6}{5}-\dfrac{9}{4})=2-(-\dfrac{7}{20})=\dfrac{47}{20}\)

c.\(\dfrac{3}{5}.(-\dfrac{8}{3})-\dfrac{3}{5}\div(-6)=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

d.\(\dfrac{1}{2}.(\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{2}{5})-\dfrac{3}{4}.(\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{16}{3})=-\dfrac{19}{5}\)

e.\(\dfrac{6}{7}\div(\dfrac{3}{26}-\dfrac{3}{13})+\dfrac{6}{7}.(\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{8}{5})=-\dfrac{61}{7}\)

Bài 2

a.\(1^2_5x+\dfrac{3}{7}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(x=\dfrac{13}{49}\)

b.\(\left|x-1,5\right|=2\)

Xảy ra 2 trường hợp

TH1

\(x-1,5=2\)

\(x=3,5\)

TH2

\(x-1,5=-2\)

\(x=-0,5\)

Vậy \(x=3,5\) hoặc \(x=-0,5\) .

Ngại làm quá trời ơi,lần sau bn tách ra nhá làm vậy mỏi tay quá.

20 tháng 8 2017

Ths bn nhé

21 tháng 7 2018

*Trả lời :

a) \(-\dfrac{3}{4}.5\dfrac{3}{13}-0,75.\dfrac{36}{13}\)

= \(-\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{68}{13}-\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{36}{13}\)

=\(\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{-68}{13}-\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{36}{13}\)

=\(\dfrac{3}{4}.\cdot\left(\dfrac{-68}{13}-\dfrac{36}{13}\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{3}{4}.\left(-8\right)\)

= \(-6\)

b)\(4\dfrac{5}{9}:\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)+\dfrac{49}{9}:\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{41}{9}-\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)+\dfrac{49}{9}:\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\)

=\(\left(\dfrac{41}{9}+\dfrac{49}{9}\right):\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{90}{9}:\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\)

=\(10:\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\)

=\(-14\)

c)\(\left(-\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{4}{9}\right):\dfrac{7}{11}+\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{5}{9}\right):\dfrac{7}{11}\)

=\(\left(-\dfrac{3}{5}\right)+\dfrac{4}{9}:\dfrac{7}{11}+\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+\dfrac{5}{9}:\dfrac{7}{11}\)(áp dụng tính chất phá ngoặc )

=\(\left\{\left[-\dfrac{3}{5}+\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\right]+\left(\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\right\}:\dfrac{7}{11}\)

=\(\left(-\dfrac{5}{5}+\dfrac{9}{9}\right):\dfrac{7}{11}\)

=\(\left(-1+1\right):\dfrac{7}{11}\)

\(=0:\dfrac{7}{11}\)

=0.

d)\(\dfrac{6}{7}:\left(\dfrac{3}{26}-\dfrac{3}{13}\right)+\dfrac{6}{7}:\left(\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{8}{5}\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{6}{7}:\left[\dfrac{3}{26}+\left(-\dfrac{6}{26}\right)\right]+\dfrac{6}{7}:\left[\dfrac{1}{10}+\left(-\dfrac{16}{10}\right)\right]\)

=\(\dfrac{6}{7}:\left(-\dfrac{3}{26}\right)+\dfrac{6}{7}:\left(-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{6}{7}:\left[\left(-\dfrac{3}{26}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{39}{26}\right)\right]\)

=\(\dfrac{6}{7}:\left(-\dfrac{21}{13}\right)\)

=\(-\dfrac{26}{49}\)