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1/ PT : X + 2H2O -> X[OH]2 + H2
mol : \(\frac{6}{M_X}\) -> \(\frac{6}{M_X}\)
=> mH2 = \(\frac{12}{M_X}\) => mdd = m+6 - \(\frac{12}{M_X}\)
Ta có: m+5,7 = m+6 - \(\frac{12}{M_X}\)
<=> \(\frac{12}{M_X}\)= 0,3 => MX = 40 => X là Canxi [Ca]
2/ Dặt nHCl= a [a> 0] => mddHCl= 36,5a : 14,6 x 100= 250a
PT : X + 2HCL => XCl2 + H2
mol : a/2 a -> a/2 a/2
mH2 = a/2 x 2 = a ; mX = a/2 . MX
m XCl2= a/2 x [MX +71]
mdd XCL2= a/2 .MX + 250a - a = a/2 .MX +249a
Ta có :\(\frac{\frac{a}{2}\times M_X+\frac{71}{2}a}{M_X\times a:2+249a}\times100\%=24,15\%\)
<=> \(\frac{M_X+71}{M_X+498}=24,15\%\Leftrightarrow M_X=65\)=> X là kẽm [Zn]
\(Na+HCl \to NaCl+\frac{1}{2}H_2\\ n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=2.0,4=0,8(mol)\\ m_{Na}=0,8.23=18,4(g)\)
a) \(m_{HCl}=200.10,95\%=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b) \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
x_______2x________x____x(mol)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.10,95\%}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Dung dịch A phải có HCl dư mới có thể trung hòa được NaOH.
\(n_{NaOH}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
y________y______y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=0,6\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,25\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CaCO_3}=100x=100.0,25=25\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=22,4x=22,4.0,25=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c)
\(m_{ddA}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.111}{214}.100\approx12,967\%\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100\approx1,706\%\)
1.
CuO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\)CuCl2 + H2O
nCuO=\(\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
mHCl=\(300.\dfrac{7,3}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
nHCl=\(\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Vì 0,4<0,6 nên HCl dư 0,2(mol)
mHCl dư=0,2.36,5=7,3(g)
Theo PTHH ta có:
nCuO=nCuCl2=0,2(mol)
mCuCl2=0,2.135=27(g)
C% dd HCl=\(\dfrac{7,3}{300+16}.100\%=2,3\%\)
C% dd CuCl2 =\(\dfrac{27}{300+16}.100\%=8,54\%\)
NaOH + HCl \(\rightarrow\)NaCl + H2O
mHCl=\(200.\dfrac{7,3}{100}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
nHCl=\(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH ta có:
nNaOH=nHCl=nNaCl=0,4(mol)
mNaOH=0,4.40=16(g)
mNaCl=0,4.58,5=23,4(g)
C% NaCl=\(\dfrac{23,4}{200+16}.100\%=10,83\%\)
2A+2aHCl->2ACla+aH2
2B+2bHCl->2BClb+aH2
nH2=0.3(mol)
->nHCl=0.3*2=0.6(mol)
->nCl/HCl=0.6(mol)
m muối khan=m kim loại+mCl/HCl=8+0.6*35.5=29.3(g)
\(2Na+2HCl\rightarrow 2NaCl+H_2\\ n_{Na}=\frac{5,75}{23}=0,25mol\\ n_{Na}=n_{HCl}=0,25mol\\ m_{HCl_{dd}}=\frac{0,25.36,5.100}{18,25}=50g\)