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2)
a) \(3x \left(x^2-4\right)=0 \)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=0\\x-2=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x=0 ; x=2 ; x=-2
b) \(2x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+3x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-4x\right)+\left(3x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\2x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x=2 ; \(x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
Câu 1 .
a) x3 + x2 + x
= x( x2 + x + 1)
b) xy + y2 - x - y
= x( y - 1) + y( y - 1)
= ( y - 1)( x + y)
2)
a) \(3x\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=0\\x-2=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=0;x=2vàx=-2\)
b) \(2x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+3x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-4x\right)+\left(3x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\2x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\2x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=2vàx=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
Bài 2 :
1) \(Q=x^2-10x+1025\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=x^2-2.x.5+25+1000\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\left(x^2-5\right)+1000\)
Thay x= 1005 vào biểu thức ta có :
\(Q=\left(1005^2-5\right)+1000=1011020\)
2)
a) \(8x^2-2=2\left(4x^2-1\right)\)
b) \(x^2-6x-y^2+9=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
Bài 1. Tính:
a) \(x^2\left(x-2x^3\right)\)
\(=x^3-2x^5\)
b) \(\left(x^2+1\right)\left(5-x\right)\)
\(=5x^2-x^3+5-x\)
c. \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x-4\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2-4x-2x^2-6x+8\)
\(=x^3+x^2-10x+8\)
d) \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x-x^2+4\right)\)
\(=x^2-x^3+4x-2x+2x^2-8\)
\(=3x^2-x^3+2x-8\)
e) \(\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+2x\right)\)
\(=x^4+2x^3-x^2-2x\)
f) \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^2+4x-3x-2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^2+x-2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=18x^2+3x-6-6x^3-x^2+2x\)
\(=17x^2+5x-6-6x^3\)
g) \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+3x-5\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2-5x+3x^2+9x-15\)
\(=x^3+6x^2+4x-15\)
h) \(\left(xy-2\right)\left(x^3-2x-6\right)\)
\(=x^4y-2x^2y-6xy-2x^3+4x+12\)
i) \(\left(5x^3-x^2+2x-3\right)\left(4x^2-x+2\right)\)
\(=20x^3-5x^4+10x^3-4x^4+x^3-2x^2+8x^3-2x^2+4x-12x^2+3x-6\)
\(=39x^3-9x^4-16x^2+7x-6\)
Bài 5: Tìm x, biết
1) \(\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(x^2-9\right)-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4-x^2+9-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x+7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x=-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-7}{-4}=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
2) \(4\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-\left(4x^2-1\right)-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-24x+36-4x^2+1-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-24x+27=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-24x=-27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-27}{-24}=\dfrac{9}{8}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{9}{8}\)
4) \(\left(x-4\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-8x+16\right)-\left(x^2-4\right)-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-8x+16-x^2+4-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x+14=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=-14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-14}{-8}=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
5) \(9\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-\left(9x^2-4\right)-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2+18x+9-9x^2+4-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-3}{18}=\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
Bài 12:
1) A = x2 - 6x + 11
= (x2 - 6x + 9) + 2
= (x - 3)2 + 2
Ta có: (x - 3)2 ≥ 0 ∀ x
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x - 3 = 0 ⇔ x = 3
Do đó: (x - 3)2 + 2 ≥ 2
Hay A ≥ 2
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 3
Vậy Min A = 2 tại x = 3
2) B = x2 - 20x + 101
= (x2 - 20x + 100) + 1
= (x - 10)2 + 1
Ta có: (x - 10)2 ≥ 0 ∀ x
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x - 10 = 0 ⇔ x = 10
Do đó: (x - 10)2 + 1 ≥ 1
Hay B ≥ 1
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 10
Vậy Min B = 1 tại x = 10
Bài 2:
1)a) x2 + 3x + 3y + xy
= x(x + 3) + y(x + 3)
= (x + 3)(x + y)
b) x3 + 5x2 + 6x
= x(x2 + 5x + 6)
= x(x2 + 2x + 3x + 6)
= x[x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2)]
= x(x + 2)(x + 3)
2) Biến đổi vế trái ta có:
(x + y + z)2 - x2 - y2 - z2
= x2 + y2 + z2 + 2(xy + yz + xz) - x2 - y2 - z2
= 2(xy + yz + xz)
= vế phải
⇒ đccm
2. Rút gọn biểu thức: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2-4\left(x-1\right)y\)
Giải:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2-4\left(x-1\right)y\)
=> \(x^2+y^2+2xy-x^2-y^2+2xy-4xy+4y\)
=> 4y
Bài 1: (1,5 điểm)1. Làm phép chia: (x2+ 2x + 1) : (x + 1)
=> (x2+ 2x + 1) : (x + 1)
=> \(\left(x+1\right)^2:\left(x+1\right)\)
=> x+1
Câu 1:
a) x2(x - 2x3)
= x3 - 2x5
b) (x2 + 1)(5 - x)
= - x3 + 5x2 - x + 5
c) (x - 2)(x2 + 3x - 4)
= x3 + 3x2 - 4x - 2x2 - 6x + 8
= x3 + x2 - 10x + 8
d) (x - 2)(x - x2 + 4)
= x2 - x3 + 4x - 2x + 2x2 - 8
= -x3 + 3x2 + 2x - 8
e) (x2 - 1)(x2 + 2x)
= x4 + 2x3 - x2 - 2x
f) (2x - 1)(3x + 2)(3 - x)
= (6x2 + 4x - 3x - 2)(3 - x)
= (6x2 + x - 2)(3 - x)
= 18x2 - 6x3 + 3x - x2 - 6 + 2x
= -6x3 + 17x2 + 5x - 6
g) (x + 3)(x2 + 3x - 5)
= x3 + 3x2 - 5x + 3x2 + 9x - 15
= x3 + 6x2 + 4x - 15
h) (xy - 2)(x3 - 2x - 6)
= x4y - 2x2y - 6xy - 2x3 + 4x + 12
i) (5x3 - x2 + 2x - 3)(4x2 - x + 2)
= 20x5 - 5x4 + 10x3 - 4x4 + x3 - 2x2 + 8x3 - 2x2 + 4x - 12x2 + 3x - 6
= 20x5 - 9x4 + 19x3 - 16x2 + 7x - 6
Bài 1 :
a) \(x^2-2x+2y-xy\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)+\left(2y-xy\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-2\right)+y\left(2-x\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-2\right)-y\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
b) \(x^2+4xy-16+4y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-16\right)+\left(4xy+4y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)+4y\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4+4y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
Bài 3 :
a) \(K=\left(\dfrac{a}{a-1}-\dfrac{1}{a^2-a}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{2}{a^2-1}\right)\)
\(K=\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(a-1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{a-1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}\right)\)
\(K=\left(\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)}{a\left(a-1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{a-1+2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}\right)\)
\(K=\dfrac{a+1}{a}:\dfrac{1}{a+1}=\dfrac{a+1}{a}.a+1=\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{a}\)
Để biểu thức K được xác định thì \(a\ne0\)
b) Với \(a=\dfrac{1}{2}\) thay vào biểu thức ta có :
\(K=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=4,5\)
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