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a) PTHH : \(2Zn+O_2-t^o->2ZnO\)
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{O2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH : \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{ZnO}=0,3.81=24,3\left(g\right)\)
vậy ...
\(\begin{array}{l} a,\ PTHH:2Zn+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o} 2ZnO\\ b,\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\ (mol)\\ Theo\ pt:\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Zn}=0,15\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15\times 22,4=3,36\ (l)\\ c,\\ Theo\ pt:\ n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,3\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,3\times 81=24,3\ (g)\end{array}\)
\(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=5.22,4=112\left(l\right)\)
\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
4Al+3O2-to>2Al2O3
0,4----0,3-----0,2
n Al=0,4 mol
=>m Al2O3=0,2.102=20,4g
=>VO2=0,3.22,4=6,72l
2KClO3-to>2KCl+3O2
0,2----------------------0,3
=>m KClO3=0,2.122,5=24,5g
nAl = 10,8 : 27 = 0,4 (mol)
pthh : 4Al + 3O2 -t--> 2Al2O3
0,4-->0,3-------> 0,2 (mol)
mAl2O3 = 0,2 . 102 = 20,4 (g)
VH2 = 0,3 . 22,4 = 6,72 (L)
pthh: 2KClO3 -t--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,2<----------------------0,3 (mol)
=> mKClO3 = 0,2 . 122,5 = 24,5 (g)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5mol\)
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\)
0,5 0,25 0,5 ( mol )
\(m_{CuO}=0,5.80=40g\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6l\)
a) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,5-->0,25------>0,5
=> mCuO = 0,5.80 = 40 (g)
b) VO2 = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6 (l)
Câu 7.
a. \(n_P=\dfrac{15.5}{31}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 4P + 5O2 ----to---> 2P2O5
0,5 0,625 0,25
\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,25.142=35,5\left(g\right)\)
b. \(V_{O_2}=0,625.22,4=14\left(l\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{kk}=14.5=70\left(l\right)\)
a) \(V_{C_2H_2}=\left(100-2\right)\%.20=19,6\left(dm^3\right)=19,6\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{19,6}{22,4}=0,875\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2C_2H_2+5O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,875-->2,1875->1,75--->0,875
b) \(V_{O_2}=2,1875.22,4=49\left(l\right)\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO_2}1,75.44=77\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,875.18=15,75\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)