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\(\text{Ta có :}\)
\(x^{8n}+x^{4n}+1=x^{8n}+2x^{4n}+1-x^{4n}\)
\(=\left(x^{4n}+1\right)^2-\left(x^{2n}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^{4n}-x^{2n}+1\right)\left(x^{4n}+x^{2n}+1\right)\)
\(\text{Ta lại có :}\)
\(x^{4n}+x^{2n}+1=x^{4n}+2x^{2n}+1-x^{2n}\)
\(=\left(x^{2n}+1\right)^2-\left(x^n\right)^2=\left(x^{2n}-x^n+1\right)\left(x^{2n}+x^n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{8n}+x^{4n}+1=\left(x^{4n}-x^{2n}+1\right)\left(x^{2n}-x^n+1\right)\left(x^{2n}+x^n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{8n}+x^{4n}+1⋮x^{2n}+x^n+1\)
Bài 1:
b:
x=9 nên x+1=10
\(M=x^{10}-x^9\left(x+1\right)+x^8\left(x+1\right)-x^7\left(x+1\right)+...-x\left(x+1\right)+x+1\)
\(=x^{10}-x^{10}-x^9+x^9+x^8-x^8-x^7+...-x^2-x+x+1\)
=1
c: \(N=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^{10}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(=31\left(1+2^5+2^{10}\right)⋮31\)
Ta có: \(x^{8n}+x^{4n}+1=x^{8n}+2x^{4n}+1-x^{4n}=\left(x^{4n}+1\right)^2-\left(x^{2n}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^{4n}+x^{2n}+1\right)\left(x^{4n}-x^{2n}+1\right)=\left(x^{4n}+2x^{2n}+1-x^{2n}\right)\left(x^{4n}-x^{2n}+1\right)=\left[\left(x^{2n}+1\right)-\left(x^n\right)^2\right]\left(x^{4n}-x^{2n}+1\right)=\left(x^{2n}+1-x^n\right)\left(x^{2n}+1+x^n\right)\left(x^{4n}-x^{2n}+1\right)\)=> \(x^{8n}+x^{4n}+1⋮x^{2n}+x^n+1\left(\forall x\right)\)