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ĐK: \(x,y,z,x+y+z\ne0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{z}-\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{x+y}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{xy+yz+zx+z^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y+z=0\\z+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\circledast x=-y\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}=\dfrac{1}{-y^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}=\dfrac{1}{z^3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x^3+y^3+z^3}=\dfrac{1}{-y^3+y^3+z^3}=\dfrac{1}{z^3}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}=\dfrac{1}{x^3+y^3+z^3}\)
Lầm tương tự với hai trường hợp còn lại ta có đpcm 
Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=0\)
Hay \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=\dfrac{-1}{z}\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3=\left(-\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{3}{xy}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=\dfrac{-1}{z^3}\)hay \(\dfrac{1}{x^3}-\dfrac{3}{xyz}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=\dfrac{-1}{z^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}=\dfrac{3}{xyz}\)
a: Thiếu vế phải rồi bạn
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}>=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2>=4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y}=b\\\dfrac{1}{z}=c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\dfrac{\Rightarrow1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=a+b+c=0\)
cơ bản \(\left(a+b+c\right)=0\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow x.y.z\left(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)=\dfrac{1}{abc}.\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)=\dfrac{1}{abc}\left(3abc\right)=3=>dpcm\Leftrightarrow dccm\)
Bài 1:
Vì $x+y+z=1$ nên:
\(Q=\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x(x+y+z)+yz}}+\frac{y}{y+\sqrt{y(x+y+z)+xz}}+\frac{z}{z+\sqrt{z(x+y+z)+xy}}\)
\(Q=\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{(x+y)(x+z)}}+\frac{y}{y+\sqrt{(y+z)(y+x)}}+\frac{z}{z+\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\sqrt{(x+y)(x+z)}=\sqrt{(x+y)(z+x)}\geq \sqrt{(\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy})^2}=\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{x}{x+\sqrt{(x+y)(x+z)}}\leq \frac{x}{x+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế suy ra:
\(Q\leq \frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+ \frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+ \frac{\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Vậy $Q$ max bằng $1$
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}$
Bài 2:
Vì $x+y+z=1$ nên:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{1-x^2}{x(x+y+z)+yz}+\frac{1-y^2}{y(x+y+z)+xz}+\frac{1-z^2}{z(x+y+z)+xy}\)
\(\text{VT}=\frac{(x+y+z)^2-x^2}{(x+y)(x+z)}+\frac{(x+y+z)^2-y^2}{(y+z)(y+x)}+\frac{(x+y+z)^2-z^2}{(z+x)(z+y)}\)
\(\text{VT}=\frac{(y+z)[(x+y)+(x+z)]}{(x+y)(x+z)}+\frac{(x+z)[(y+z)+(y+x)]}{(y+z)(y+x)}+\frac{(x+y)[(z+x)+(z+y)]}{(z+x)(z+y)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\text{VT}\geq \frac{2(y+z)\sqrt{(x+y)(x+z)}}{(x+y)(x+z)}+\frac{2(x+z)\sqrt{(y+z)(y+x)}}{(y+z)(y+x)}+\frac{2(x+y)\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}{(z+x)(z+y)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq 2\underbrace{\left(\frac{y+z}{\sqrt{(x+y)(x+z)}}+\frac{x+z}{\sqrt{(y+z)(y+x)}}+\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}\right)}_{M}\)
Tiếp tục AM-GM cho 3 số trong ngoặc lớn, suy ra \(M\geq 3\)
Do đó: \(\text{VT}\geq 2.3=6\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $3x=3y=3z=1$
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{z+y+z}=9=\dfrac{18}{2}>\dfrac{18}{xyz+2}\)
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Áp dụng C-S dạng Engel \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{9}{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
Vậy chứng minh \(\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}>\frac{18}{xyz+2}\Leftrightarrow xyz-6\sqrt[3]{xyz}+2>0\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt[3]{xyz}\le\frac{x+y+z}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow0< t\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Hàm số \(f\left(t\right)=t^3-6t+2\) nghịch biến trên (\(0;\frac{1}{3}\)]
\(f\left(t\right)\ge f\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)=\frac{1}{27}>0\) (ĐPCM)
\(x^8+x^8+y^8+y^8+y^8+z^8+z^8+z^8\ge8\sqrt[8]{x^{16}y^{24}z^{24}}=8x^2y^3z^3\)
Tương tự: \(3x^8+2y^8+3z^8\ge8x^3y^2z^3\)
\(3x^8+3y^8+2z^8\ge8x^3y^3z^2\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(8\left(x^8+y^8+z^8\right)\ge8\left(x^2y^3z^3+x^3y^2z^3+x^3y^3z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^8+y^8+z^8}{x^3y^3z^3}\ge\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)