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\(y+z=-x\)
\(\left(y+z\right)^5=-x^5\)
\(y^5+5y^4z+10y^3z^2+10y^2z^3+5yz^4+z^5+x^5=0\)
\(x^5+y^5+z^5+5yz\left(y^3+2y^2z+2yz^2+z^3\right)=0\)
\(x^5+y^5+z^5+5yz\left(\left(y+z\right)\left(y^2-yz+z^2\right)+2yz\left(y+z\right)\right)=0\)
\(x^5+y^5+z^5+5yz\left(y+z\right)\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)=0\)
\(2\left(x^5+y^5+z^5\right)-5xyz\left(\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+y^2+z^2\right)=0\)
\(2\left(x^5+y^5+z^5\right)=5xyz\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Ta có: \(y+z=-x\)
\(\left(y+z\right)^5=-x^5\)
\(y^5+5y^4z+10y^3z^2+10y^2z^3+5yz^4+z^5+x^5=0\)
\(x^5+y^5+z^5+5yz\left(y^3+2y^2z+2yz^2+z^3\right)=0\)
\(x^5+y^5+z^5+5yz\left(\left(y+z\right)\left(y^2-yz+z^2\right)+2yz\left(y+z\right)\right)=0\)
\(x^5+y^5+z^5+5yz\left(y+z\right)\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)=0\)
\(2\left(x^5+y^5+z^5\right)-5xyz\left(\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+y^2+z^2\right)=0\)
\(2\left(x^5+y^5+z^5\right)=5xyz\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Bài 32:
a) P= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+4}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\left(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(1+\sqrt{2}\)
b) Có: \(x^2-2y^2=xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2-y^2-xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-y\left(y+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-2y=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-y\\x=2y\end{cases}}}\)
Thay x=-y ta có: Q=\(\frac{-y-y}{-y+y}\)=\(\frac{-2y}{0}\)(loại )
Thay x=2y ta có : Q=\(\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Theo đề: \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-z\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+y\right)=z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+y\right)^5=z^5\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=1-z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=1-z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=1-z^2+2xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(-z\right)^2=1-z^2+2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy=\frac{2z^2-1}{2}\)
Nên ta có:
\(VT=x^5+y^5+z^5=x^5+y^5-\left(x+y\right)^5\)
\(=x^5+y^5-\left(x^5+5x^4y+10x^3y^2+10x^2y^3+5xy^4+y^5\right)\)
\(=x^5+y^5-x^5-5x^4y-10x^3y^2-10x^2y^3-5xy^4-y^5\)
\(=-5x^4y-10x^3y^2-10x^2y^3-5xy^4\)
\(=-5xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)-10x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=-5xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-10x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=-5xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2+2xy\right)\)
\(=-5xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=-5.\frac{2z^2-1}{2}.\left(-z\right).\left(1-z^2+\frac{2z^2-1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{5z\left(2z^2-z\right)}{4}=\frac{5}{4}z\left(2x^2-1\right)=\frac{5}{4}\left(2z^3-z\right)=VP\)
=> đpcm
\(\text{Có: }x+y=5-z;\text{ }xy=\frac{2}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=\left(5-z\right)^2-\frac{4}{z}\)
Suy ra: \(\left(5-z\right)^2-\frac{4}{z}+z^2=13\Leftrightarrow2z^3-10z^2+25z-17=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(z-1\right)\left(2z^2-8z+17\right)=0\Leftrightarrow z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\int^{x+y=4}_{xy=2}\Leftrightarrow x=2+\sqrt{2};\text{ }y=2-\sqrt{2}\text{ }or\text{ }x=2-\sqrt{2};\text{ }y=2+\sqrt{2}\)
Do vai trò của x, y, z là như nhau nên hệ có nghiệm
\(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(2+\sqrt{2};\text{ }2-\sqrt{2};1\right)\)và các hoán vị.
Ta có x,y,z là các số thực dương
Khi đó : \(5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-9x\left(y+z\right)-18yz=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\frac{x^2}{\left(y+z\right)^2}+\frac{5\left(y^2+z^2\right)}{\left(y+z\right)^2}-\frac{9x}{y+z}-\frac{18yz}{\left(y+z\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(\frac{x}{y+z}\right)^2-\frac{9x}{y+z}=\frac{18yz}{\left(y+z\right)^2}-\frac{5\left(y^2+z^2\right)}{\left(y+z\right)^2}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{18\left(y+z\right)^2}{4}}{\left(y+z\right)^2}-\frac{\frac{5\left(y+z\right)^2}{2}}{\left(y+z\right)^2}=\frac{18}{4}-\frac{5}{2}=2.\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(\frac{x}{y+z}\right)^2-9.\frac{x}{y+z}\le2.\)
Đặt \(\frac{x}{y+z}=a>0\)ta được \(5a^2-9a-2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2-10a+a-2\le0\Leftrightarrow\left(5a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\le0\)
Dễ thấy \(5a+1>0\)\(\Rightarrow a-2\le0\Leftrightarrow a\le2\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y+z}\le2.\)
Ta có: \(Q=\frac{2x-y-z}{y+z}=\frac{2x}{y+z}-1\le2.2-1=3\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}y=z\\\frac{x}{y+z}=2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=4y=4z}\)
Vậy Giá trị lớn nhất của \(Q=3\Leftrightarrow x=4y=4z.\)