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1. Ta có: \(x^2-2xy-x+y+3=0\)
<=> \(x^2-2xy-2.x.\frac{1}{2}+2.y.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+y^2-y^2-\frac{1}{4}+3=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-y^2=-\frac{11}{4}\)
<=> \(\left(x-2y-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)=-\frac{11}{4}\)
<=> \(\left(2x-4y-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=-11\)
Th1: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=11\\2x-1=-1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Th2: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=-11\\2x-1=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Th3: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=1\\2x-1=-11\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-5\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Th4: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=-1\\2x-1=11\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=6\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Kết luận:...
Bài 32:
a) P= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+4}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\left(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(1+\sqrt{2}\)
b) Có: \(x^2-2y^2=xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2-y^2-xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-y\left(y+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-2y=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-y\\x=2y\end{cases}}}\)
Thay x=-y ta có: Q=\(\frac{-y-y}{-y+y}\)=\(\frac{-2y}{0}\)(loại )
Thay x=2y ta có : Q=\(\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\sqrt{x-1}-y\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{y-1}-x\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}\right)+\left(x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
\(\Rightarrow S=2x^2-8x+5=2\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Tại sao từ:\(\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}\right)\) lại => đc: \(\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}\)??????????
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-1}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x-y\right)^2+10x-6y+8}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y\right)+10x-6y+8\le2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y\right)^2+8\left(x-y\right)+8\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y+2\right)^2\le0\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=y-1\\x-y+2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}y=x+2\)
Thế vào P ta được
\(P=x^4+\left(x+2\right)^2-5x-5\left(x+2\right)+2020\)
\(=x^4+2x^2-6x+2014\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)^2+3\left(x-1\right)^2+2010\ge2010\)
Vậy GTNN là P = 2010 đạt được khi x = 1, y = 3
Ta có: √x+1+√y−1≤√2(x+y)
⇔√2(x−y)2+10x−6y+8≤√2(x+y)
⇔2(x−y)+10x−6y+8≤2(x+y)
⇔2(x−y)2+8(x−y)+8≤0
⇔2(x−y+2)2≤0
Dấu = xảy ra khi {
| x+1=y−1 |
| x−y+2=0 |
⇔y=x+2
Thế vào P ta được
P=x4+(x+2)2−5x−5(x+2)+2020
=x4+2x2−6x+2014
=(x2−1)2+3(x−1)2+2010≥2010
Vậy GTNN là P = 2010 đạt được khi x = 1, y = 3
\(\sqrt{x-1}-y\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{y-1}-x\sqrt{x}\)(ĐK:\(x;y\ge1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+x\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{y-1}+y\sqrt{y}\)
Xét x<y\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}< \sqrt{y-1};x\sqrt{x}< y\sqrt{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT< VP\)
TT xét x>y=>VT>VP
\(\Rightarrow x=y\)
\(\Rightarrow S=x^2+3x^2-2x^2-8x+5\)
\(S=2x^2-8x+5=2\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
"="<=>x=y=2(tm)
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