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Xét \(\frac{x}{y^3-1}+\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{1-y}{y^3-1}+\frac{1-x}{x^3-1}=-\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}-\frac{1}{y^2+y+1}\)
\(=-\frac{x^2+y^2+x+y+2}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}=-\frac{x^2+y^2+3}{x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+x+y+1}\)
\(=-\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy+3}{x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+2xy+2}=-\frac{4-2xy}{x^2y^2+3}=\frac{2\left(xy-2\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
từ đó ta có đpcm
Ta có \(y^3-1=\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)=-x\left(y^2+y+1\right)\)
(vì \(xy\ne0\Rightarrow x,y\ne0\))
\(\Rightarrow x-1\ne0;y-1\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}\)
\(x^3-1=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=-y\left(x^2-x+1\right)\Rightarrow\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{-1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}+\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{-1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(=-\left(\frac{x^2+x+1+y^2+y+1}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}\right)=-\left(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy+\left(x+y\right)+2}{x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy+xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+\left(x+y\right)+1}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{4-2xy}{x^2y^2+3}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}+\frac{y}{x^3-1}-\frac{2\left(xy-2\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)
1/
\(x^2-xy-2y^2=0\Leftrightarrow x^2+xy-2xy-2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+y\right)-2y\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\Rightarrow x=2y\) (do \(x+y\ne0\))
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
2/
\(x^4-30x^2+31x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x-30x^2+30x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3+1\right)-30\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-30\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-30\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-30=0\\x^2-x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\\\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x+y=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-x\\x-1=-y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(y-1\right)^2=x^2\\\left(x-1\right)^2=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{-1}{x^2+3y}+\frac{1}{y^2+3x}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-y^2-3x+x^2+3y}{\left(xy\right)^2+3x^3+3y^3+9xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-3x+3y}{\left(xy\right)^2+3\left(x+y\right)\left(\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\right)+9xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=0\)
dùng hằng đẳng thúc cho mẫu rút gọn ta được
\(\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}-\frac{1}{Y^2+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)=\(\frac{y^2+y+1-x^2-x-1}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)+\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+x^2y+x^2+xy^2+xy+x+y^2+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+1+x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{2xy+x^2+y^2+x^2y^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
a, Chứng minh \(x^3+y^3+z^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy.\left(x+y\right)+z^3\)
Biến đổi vế phải thì ta phải suy ra điều phải chứng minh
b, Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)thì
\(a^3+b^3+c^3==\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3=-c^3-3ab\left(-c\right)+c^3=3abc\)
( Vì \(a+b+c=0\)nên \(a+b=-c\))
Theo giả thuyết \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}=\frac{3}{xyz}\)
Khi đó \(A=\frac{yz}{x^2}+\frac{xz}{y^2}+\frac{xy}{z^2}\)
\(=\frac{xyz}{x^3}+\frac{xyz}{y^3}+\frac{xyz}{z^3}\)
\(=xyz\left(\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}\right)\)
\(=xyz.\frac{3}{xyz}=3\)