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X3 + Y3 + Z3 = 3XYZ
<=> X3 + Y3 + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X3 + Y3 ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X + Y )3 - 3XY( X + Y ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> [ ( X + Y )3 + Z3 ] - 3XY( X + Y + Z ) = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )[ ( X + Y )2 - ( X + Y ).Z + Z2 - 3XY ] = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}X+Y+Z=0\\X^2+Y^2+Z^2-XY-YZ-XZ=0\end{cases}}\)
+) X + Y + Z = 0 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}X+Y=-Z\\Y+Z=-X\\X+Z=-Y\end{cases}}\)
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(\frac{X+Y}{Y}\right)\left(\frac{Y+Z}{Z}\right)\left(\frac{X+Z}{X}\right)=\frac{-Z}{Y}\cdot\frac{-X}{Z}\cdot\frac{-Y}{X}=-1\)
+) X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ = 0
<=> 2( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> 2X2 + 2Y2 + 2Z2 - 2XY - 2YZ - 2XZ = 0
<=> ( X2 - 2XY + Y2 ) + ( Y2 - 2YZ + Z2 ) + ( X2 - 2XZ + Z2 ) = 0
<=> ( X - Y )2 + ( Y - Z )2 + ( X - Z )2 = 0 (1)
DỄ DÀNG CHỨNG MINH (1) ≥ 0 ∀ X,Y,Z
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> X = Y = Z
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(1+\frac{Y}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{X}{X}\right)=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
Ta có \(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-xz-yz\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)\right]=0\)(Nhân hai vế với 2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
Tới đây bạn xét hai trường hợp nhé :)
(x+y+z)((X+Y)^2-Z(X+Y))-3XY(X+Y+Z)
=(X+Y+Z)(X^2+2XY+Y^2-XZ-YZ-3XY)
=(X+Y+Z)(X^2+Y^2+Z^2-XZ-YZ-XY)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\right)+z^3-3x^2y-3xy^2-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)=0\)
Vì \(x+y+z\ne0\) nên \(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\) thay vào P ta được :
\(P=\left(1+\frac{x}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{z}\right)=2.2.2=8\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{3xyz-x^3-y^3-z^3}{x+y+z}\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)}{x+y+z}\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2xz-2yz\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-z\right)^2-\left(y-z\right)^2\le0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy \(\frac{3xyz-x^3-y^3-z^3}{x+y+z}\le0\forall x+y+z\ne0\)
Bạn giải thích giùm mình cái dấu tương đương thứ nhất với phần sau thì mình làm được chỗ đó mình lại không hiểu cho lắm
\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-3x^2y-3xy^2+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2-3xy\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\) (do \(x+y+z\ne0\))
\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-z\right)^2=0\\\left(z-x\right)^2=0\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+\frac{1}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{1}\right)=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
8