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Theo Cauche có:
\(\left(x+x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge4\sqrt[4]{x^2yz}.4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{x^2.y.z}}=16\)
=> \(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{2x+y+z}\). Tương tự có:
\(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{x+2y+z}\) và \(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{x}\ge\frac{16}{x+y+2z}\)
=> \(16.\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\le\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\)
\(16.\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\le4.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=4.4=16\)
Chia cả 2 vế cho 16 => ĐPCM
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel, ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{2x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\)
CMTT: \(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\), \(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}.4\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{x}\right)=\frac{1}{16}.16=1\)
\(''=''\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(A=\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}\)
\(=\frac{x^4}{xy+2zx}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
$\frac{x^3}{(y+2z)^2}+\frac{y+2z}{27}+\frac{y+2z}{27}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{(y+2z)^2}.\frac{y+2z}{27}.\frac{y+2z}{27}}=\frac{x}{3}$
$\frac{y^3}{(z+2x)^2}+\frac{z+2x}{27}+\frac{z+2x}{27}\geq \frac{y}{3}$
$\frac{z^3}{(x+2y)^2}+\frac{x+2y}{27}+\frac{x+2y}{27}\geq \frac{z}{3}$
Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên và thu gọn thì:
$\sum \frac{x^3}{(y+2z)^2}+\frac{x+y+z}{9}\geq \frac{x+y+z}{3}$
$\Rightarrow \sum \frac{x^3}{(y+2z)^2}\geq \frac{2}{9}(x+y+z)$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z$