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Bài 1 :
Ta có :
\(n^n-n^2+n-1\)
\(=\left(n^n-1^n\right)-\left(n^2-n\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^{n-1}+n^{n-2}+n^{n-3}...+n^1+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)n\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^{n-1}+n^{n-2}+...+n+1-n\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^{n-1}+n^{n-2}+...+n^1+n^0-n\right)\)
Thấy \(n^{n-1}+n^{n-2}+...+n^1+n^0\)có \(n\)số hạng, nên khi trừ đi \(n\)cũng như trừ mỗi số hạng cho 1. ( Vì n số , mỗi số trừ đi 1 thì trừ tổng cộng là \(n.1=n\))
Do đó ta có :
\(=\left(n-1\right)\left[\left(n^{n-1}-1\right)+\left(n^{n-2}-1\right)+...+\left(n^2-1\right)+\left(n-1\right)+\left(1-1\right)\right]\)
Nhận xét :
\(n^{n-1}-1=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^{n-2}+n^{n-3}+...+n+1\right)\)chia hết cho \(n-1\)
\(n^{n-2}-1=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^{n-3}+n^{n-4}+...+n+1\right)\)chia hết cho \(n-1\)
\(...\)
\(n-1\)chia hết cho \(n-1\)
\(1-1=0\)chia hết cho \(n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n^{n-1}-1\right)+\left(n^{n-2}-1\right)+...+\left(n^2-1\right)+\left(n-1\right)+\left(1-1\right)\)chia hết cho \(n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-1\right)\left[\left(n^{n-1}-1\right)+\left(n^{n-2}-1\right)+...+\left(n^2-1\right)+\left(n-1\right)+\left(1-1\right)\right]\)chia hết cho \(n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow n^n-n^2+n-1\)chia hết cho \(n-1\)
Vậy ...
Bài 2 :
Ta có :
\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+7\right)+2\left(x^2-4\right)-5\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+7\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-5\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2+2x+7+2\left(x+2\right)-5\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left[\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left[\left(x+2\right)^2+2\right]=0\)
Mà \(\left(x+2\right)^2+2\ge0+2=2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy ...
\(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=7\Leftrightarrow x^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2}=9\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2=3^2.\)Do x > 0 nên \(x+\frac{1}{x}\)>0 và \(x+\frac{1}{x}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^3=27\Rightarrow x^3+\frac{1}{x^3}+3\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{x}\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)=27\Rightarrow x^3+\frac{1}{x^3}+3\cdot3=27\Rightarrow x^3+\frac{1}{x^3}=18\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(x^3+\frac{1}{x^3}\right)=7\cdot18\Rightarrow x^5+\frac{1}{x^5}+x+\frac{1}{x}=126\Rightarrow x^5+\frac{1}{x^5}+3=126\Rightarrow x^5+\frac{1}{x^5}=123.\)
Vậy \(x^5+\frac{1}{x^5}\)là 1 số nguyên và bằng: 123
Bài 1: Chỉ cần chú ý đẳng thức \(a^5+b^5=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)\) là ok!
Làm như sau: Từ \(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=14\Rightarrow x^2+2.x.\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}=16\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2=16\). Do \(x>0\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}>0\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=4\)
: \(x^5+\frac{1}{x^5}=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(x^3+\frac{1}{x^3}\right)-\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(=14\left(x^3+\frac{1}{x^3}\right)-\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(=14\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}-1\right)-4\)
\(=14.4.\left(14-1\right)-4=724\) là một số nguyên (đpcm)
P/s: Lâu ko làm nên cũng ko chắc đâu nhé!
Do \(x>0:\)
\(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}=7\Leftrightarrow x^2+2.x.\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}=9\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3=9\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{x}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3=3^3\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x.\dfrac{1}{x}.\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\dfrac{1}{x^3}=27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3.1.3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}=27\Leftrightarrow x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}=18\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}\right)=7.18\Leftrightarrow x^5+\dfrac{1}{x}+x+\dfrac{1}{x^5}=126\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5+3+\dfrac{1}{x^5}=126\Rightarrow x^5+\dfrac{1}{x^5}=123\)
Ở dòng đầu gõ nhầm xíu \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2=9\) chứ ko phải \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3=9\)
a, \(B=\left(\frac{9-3x}{x^2+4x-5}-\frac{x+5}{1-x}-\frac{x+1}{x+5}\right):\frac{7x-14}{x^2-1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{9-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)}+\frac{\left(x+5\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)}-\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)}\right):\frac{7\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{9-3x+x^2+10x+25-x^2+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)}.\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{7\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{35+7x}{x+5}\frac{x+1}{7\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{7\left(x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)}{7\left(x+5\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{x+1}{x-2}\)
b, Ta có : \(\left(x+5\right)^2-9x-45=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+10x+25-9x-45=0\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=5\end{cases}}\)
TH1 : Thay x = 4 vào biểu thức ta được : \(\frac{4+1}{4-2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
TH2 : THay x = 5 vào biểu thức ta được : \(\frac{5+1}{5-2}=\frac{6}{3}=2\)
c, Để B nhận giá trị nguyên khi \(\frac{x+1}{x-2}\inℤ\Rightarrow x-2+3⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3⋮x-2\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
x - 2 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
x | 3 | 1 | 5 | -1 |
d, Ta có : \(B=-\frac{3}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x+1}{x-2}=-\frac{3}{4}\)ĐK : \(x\ne2\)
\(\Rightarrow4x+4=-3x+6\Leftrightarrow7x=2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{2}{7}\)( tmđk )
e, Ta có B < 0 hay \(\frac{x+1}{x-2}< 0\)
TH1 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1< 0\\x-2>0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x< -1\\x>2\end{cases}}}\)( ktm )
TH2 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1>0\\x-2< 0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>-1\\x< 2\end{cases}\Rightarrow-1< x< 2}\)
Bài 1.
a) 2x2 + 3( x - 1 )( x + 1 ) - 5x( x + 1 )
= 2x2 + 3( x2 - 1 ) - 5x2 - 5x
= 2x2 + 3x2 - 3 - 5x2 - 5x
= -5x - 3
b) 4( x - 1 )( x + 5 ) - ( x - 2 )( x + 5 ) - 3( x - 1 )( x + 2 )
= 4( x2 + 4x - 5 ) - ( x2 + 3x - 10 ) - 3( x2 + x - 2 )
= 4x2 + 16x - 20 - x2 - 3x + 10 - 3x2 - 3x + 6
= 10x - 4
Bài 2.
a) ( 8 - 5x )( x + 2 ) + 4( x - 2 )( x + 1 ) + 2( x - 2 )( x + 2 ) = 0
<=> -5x2 - 2x + 16 + 4( x2 - x - 2 ) + 2( x2 - 4 ) = 0
<=> -5x2 - 2x + 16 + 4x2 - 4x - 8 + 2x2 - 8 = 0
<=> x2 - 6x = 0
<=> x( x - 6 ) = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = 6
b) ( x + 3 )( x + 2 ) - ( x - 2 )( x + 5 ) = 0
<=> x2 + 5x + 6 - ( x2 + 3x - 10 ) = 0
<=> x2 + 5x + 6 - x2 - 3x + 10 = 0
<=> 2x + 16 = 0
<=> 2x = -16
<=> x = -8
Bài 3.
A = ( n2 + 3n - 1 )( n + 2 ) - n3 + 2
= n3 + 2n2 + 3n2 + 6n - n - 2 - n3 + 2
= 5n2 + 5n
= 5n( n + 1 ) chia hết cho 5 ( đpcm )
B = ( 6n + 1 )( n + 5 ) - ( 3n + 5 )( 2n - 1 )
= 6n2 + 30n + n + 5 - ( 6n2 - 3n + 10n - 5 )
= 6n2 + 31n + 5 - 6n2 - 7n + 5
= 24n + 10
= 2( 12n + 5 ) chia hết cho 2 ( đpcm )
bài 1:a,\(2x^2+3\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-5x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=2x^2+3x^2-3-5x^2-5x\)
\(=-3-5x\)
b.\(4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)-3\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=4\left(x^2+4x-5\right)-\left(x^2+3x-10\right)-3\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
\(=4x^2+16x-20-x^2-3x+10-3x^2-3x+6\)
\(=10x-4\)
\(\left(8-5x\right)\left(x+2\right)+4\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(8x+16-5x^2-10x+4\left(x^2+x-2x-2\right)+2\left(x^2+2x-2x-4\right)=0\)
\(-2x+16-5x^2+4x^2-4x-8+2x^2-8=0\)
\(x^2-6x=0\)
\(x\left(x-6\right)=0\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-6=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=6\end{cases}}}\)
k mk đi
ai k mk
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