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\(\left(x;2y;3z\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=3.\)
\(P=\sum\frac{a}{1+b^2}=\sum\frac{a\left(1+b^2\right)-ab^2}{1+b^2}=\sum\left(a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\sum\left(a-\frac{ab^2}{2b}\right)=\sum\left(a-\frac{ab}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge3-\frac{1}{2.3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\frac{3}{2}\)
a/ \(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+2=\left(xy-\frac{1}{xy}\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Suy ra Min M = 4 . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
b/ Đề đúng phải là \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có \(6=\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8.\frac{3}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=x\\b=2y\\c=3z\end{cases}}\) => a + b + c = 18
\(P=\frac{2y+3z+5}{1+x}+\frac{3z+x+5}{1+2y}+\frac{x+2y+5}{1+3z}=\frac{b+c+5}{a+1}+\frac{a+c+5}{b+1}+\frac{a+b+5}{c+1}\)
Lại đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}m=a+1\\n=b+1\\p=c+1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=m-1\\b=n-1\\c=p-1\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{b+c+5}{a+1}+\frac{a+c+5}{b+1}+\frac{a+c+5}{c+1}=\frac{24-m}{m}+\frac{24-n}{n}+\frac{24-p}{p}\)
\(=24\left(\frac{1}{m}+\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{p}\right)-3\ge\frac{24.9}{m+n+p}-3=\frac{24.9}{\left(a+1\right)+\left(b+1\right)+\left(b+1\right)}-3\)
\(=\frac{24.9}{18+3}-3=\frac{51}{7}\)
Ta có bđt \(\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)\)
\(\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)\)
Áp dụng nhiều lần bđt trên ta được
\(\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\frac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)+\left(x+2y+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\right)\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right)\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\right]\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)\)
C/m tương tự cho các bđt còn lại
\(\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)\)
\(\(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\)\)
Cộng vế theo vế được
\(\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x+y}+\frac{4}{y+z}+\frac{4}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.6=\frac{3}{2}\)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{2x=6}\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\\frac{3}{2x}=6\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\x=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{4}\)\)
Vậy ..........
cách khác :))
\(6=\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+y+z\le3\)
\(P=\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-z}+\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-y}+\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-x}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{9\left(x+y+z\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8.3}=\frac{3}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z=\frac{1}{4}\)
a) \(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\)
\(+\frac{1}{y^2}\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}\)
\(=2+\left(x^2y^2+\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}\right)+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwar cho 2 số không âm, ta được:
\(x^2y^2+\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{256x^2y^2}}=\frac{1}{8}\)
C/m được BĐT phụ: \(1=\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2y^2\le1\Leftrightarrow256x^2y^2\le16\Leftrightarrow\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}\ge\frac{255}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge2+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{255}{16}=\frac{289}{16}\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2y^2=\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}\\x-y=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\))
\(\frac{16}{3x+3y+2z}=\frac{16}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)+\left(x+y\right)1}\le\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}+\frac{1}{x+y}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{16}{3x+2y+3z}\le\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}+\frac{1}{x+z}\)
\(\frac{16}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}+\frac{1}{y+z}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta có:
\(16\left(\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\right)\le4\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=24\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{3}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz, ta được:
\(\left(9x^3+3y^2+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{9x}+\frac{1}{3}+z\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9x^3+3y^2+z}\le\frac{x\left(\frac{1}{9x}+\frac{1}{3}+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{\frac{1}{9}+\frac{x}{3}+zx}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)(1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{y}{9y^3+3z^2+x}\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}+\frac{y}{3}+xy}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)(2); \(\frac{z}{9z^3+3x^2+y}\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}+\frac{z}{3}+yz}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 bất đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:
\(\frac{x}{9x^3+3y^2+z}+\frac{y}{9y^3+3z^2+x}+\frac{z}{9z^3+3x^2+y}\)\(\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}.3+\frac{x+y+z}{3}+xy+yz+zx}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}.3+\frac{x+y+z}{3}+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=1\)(*)
Mặt khác, có: \(2017\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\le2017.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}=\frac{2017}{3}\)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra \(A=\frac{x}{9x^3+3y^2+z}+\frac{y}{9y^3+3z^2+x}+\frac{z}{9z^3+3x^2+y}+2017\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\le1+\frac{2017}{3}=\frac{2020}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương, ta có:
\(2x^2+y^2+5=\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)+4\ge2\left(xy+x+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2x^2+y^2+5}\le\frac{x}{2\left(xy+x+2\right)}\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{2y}{6y^2+z^2+6}\le\frac{2y}{4\left(yz+y+1\right)}=\frac{y}{2\left(yz+y+1\right)}\)(2)
\(\frac{4z}{3z^2+4x^2+16}\le\frac{4z}{4\left(zx+2z+2\right)}=\frac{z}{zx+2z+2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\frac{x}{2x^2+y^2+5}+\frac{2y}{6y^2+z^2+6}+\frac{4z}{3z^2+4x^2+16}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{xy+x+2}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{zx}{xyz+xz+2z}+\frac{xyz}{xyz^2+xyz+xz}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{zx}{2+xz+2z}+\frac{2}{2z+2+xz}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)\)(Do xyz = 2)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{zx+2z+2}{zx+2z+2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = 1; z = 2
Đặt \(x=a;2y=b;3z=c\Rightarrow a+b+c=3\)
\(T=\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\)
Áp dụng Bđt Cô si ngược dấu ta có:
\(T=\text{∑}a-\frac{a^2b}{1+b^2}\ge\text{∑}a-\frac{a^2b}{2b}=\text{∑}a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
\(=a+b+c-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge a+b+c-\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{6}\)\(=3-\frac{3^2}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=1\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)