Question

[Thanh Thuỷ Nguyễn]

Cho S=1/5^2+2/5^3+...+99/5^100.Chứng tỏ rằng S<1/16

Answer 1

[Akai Haruma]

Lời giải:

$S=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}$

$5S=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+....+\frac{99}{5^{99}}$
$5S-S=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}$

$4S+\frac{99}{5^{100}}=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}$

$5(4S+\frac{99}{5^{100}})=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}$

$5(4S+\frac{99}{5^{100}})-(4S+\frac{99}{5^{100}})=1-\frac{1}{5^{99}}$
$4(4S+\frac{99}{5^{100}})=1-\frac{1}{5^{99}}$

$16S=1-\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99.4}{5^{100}}<1$

$\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{16}$