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\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 1 0,5 0,5
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) =>\(m_{H_2}=0,5.2=1\left(g\right)\)
b)=> \(m_{Fe}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)
c)=>\(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\) =>\(m_{d^2HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.100}{24,5}=148,98\left(g\right)\)
d)=>\(m_{d^2sau}=28+148,98-1=175,98\left(g\right)\)
=>\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,5.127=63,5\left(g\right)\)
=>\(C\%_{muối}=\dfrac{63,5}{175,98}.100=36,1\left(g\right)\)
a)nH2 = \(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\) = 0,5 mol
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
0,5mol<-0,5mol<-0,5mol<-0,5mol
b) mFe = 0,5 .56 = 28 g
c)mH2SO4 = 0,5 . 98 = 49 g
d)mFeSO4 = 0,5 . 152 = 76 g
mdd = 28 + 49 - 0,5.2 = 76 g
C% = \(\dfrac{76}{76}\) .100% = 100%
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
0,1---->0,1------->0,1---->0,1
=> \(m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{4,9\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
b) mdd sau pư = 2,4 + 200 - 0,1.2 = 202,2 (g)
mMgSO4 = 0,1.120 = 12 (g)
\(C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{12}{202,2}.100\%=5,9\%\)
c)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) => Hiệu suất tính theo H2
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{64}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,05<-----0,05
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}.100\%=50\%\)
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2
0,1--->0,1---------->0,1-------->0,1
\(m_{dd\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{4,9\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{dd\left(sau.pư\right)}=2,4+200-0,2.2=202,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{202,2}.100\%=5,93\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,25 > 0,1 => CuO dư
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{64}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}.100\%=50\%\)
a)
\(Zn+H2SO4\rightarrow ZnSO4+H2\)
\(2Al+3H2SO4\rightarrow Al2\left(SO4\right)3+3H2\)
\(Fe+H2SO4\rightarrow FeSO4+H2\)
b) giải sử khối KL cùng là \(m\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=\frac{m}{65}\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\frac{m}{65}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\frac{m}{27}\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=1,5.\frac{m}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\frac{m}{56}\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\frac{m}{56}\)
\(\Rightarrow Al\)
c) Giả sử : \(n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,15mol\Rightarrow m=9,75g\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,1mol\Rightarrow m=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,15mol\Rightarrow m=8,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow Al\)
+nAl = 3,24/27 = 0,12 mol
PT
2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,12_0,36____0,12_____0,18(mol)
VH2 = 0,18*22,4 = 4,032 lít
mH2 = 0,18 *2 = 0,36g
mHCl (dd HCl) = 0,36 * 36,5= 13,14 g
-> mdd HCl cần dùng = 13,14 / 20% = 65,7g
mAlCl3 = 0,12 * 133,5 = 16,02g
m dd AlCl3 = mAl+mddHCl-mH2 = 3,24+65,7-0,36 = 68,58g
-> C%dd AlCl3 = 16,02/68,58 *100%= 23,36%
nMg = 6,72 : 22,4 = 0,3 mol
Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
0,3 0,6 0,3
=> mMg = 0,3 . 24 = 7,2 g
CM HCl = 0,6 : 0,5 = 4M
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL:
mZn + mHCl = mH2 + mZnCl2
=> mHCl = 40,8 + 0,3.2 - 19,5 = 21,9(g)
\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{10.8}{72}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)
\(0.15.......0.3.............0.15\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.3\cdot36.5=10.95\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%HCl=\dfrac{10.95}{100}\cdot100\%=10.95\%\)
\(m_{dd}=10.8+100=110.8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0.15\cdot127=19.05\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%FeCl_2=\dfrac{19.05}{110.8}\cdot100\%=17.19\%\)
nFeO=10.872=0.15(mol)nFeO=10.872=0.15(mol)
FeO+2HCl→FeCl2+H2OFeO+2HCl→FeCl2+H2O
0.15.......0.3.............0.150.15.......0.3.............0.15
mHCl=0.3⋅36.5=10.95(g)mHCl=0.3⋅36.5=10.95(g)
C%HCl=10.95100⋅100%=10.95%C%HCl=10.95100⋅100%=10.95%
mdd=10.8+100=110.8(g)mdd=10.8+100=110.8(g)
mFeCl2=0.15⋅127=19.05(g)mFeCl2=0.15⋅127=19.05(g)
C%FeCl2=19.05110.8⋅100%=17.19%C%FeCl2=19.05110.8⋅100%=17.19%
tìm số mol của H2 vt PTHH theo PT r tính bạn nhớ áp dụng \(D_{H_2SO_4}=1,11\dfrac{g}{cm^3}\)