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Ta có: \(x^4+y^4+z^4\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{3}=\frac{16}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(xy+yz+zx=4xyz\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=4\)
Ta có \(M=\frac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{4\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{4\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x+y}+\frac{4}{y+z}+\frac{4}{z+x}\right)\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{8}.4=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" tại x = y = z = 3/4
\(x+y+z=3\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=9\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\left(\text{vì:}x^2+y^2+z^2=9\right)\)
\(xy+yz+zx=0\Rightarrow xy=-yz-zx;yz=-xy-xz;xz=-xy-yz\)
\(P=\frac{-x\left(y+z\right)}{x^2}+\frac{-y\left(z+x\right)}{y^2}+\frac{-z\left(x+y\right)}{z}-4=\frac{y+z}{-x}+\frac{z+y}{-y}+\frac{x+y}{-z}-4\)
\(P=\frac{3}{x}+\frac{3}{y}+\frac{3}{z}-1=\frac{3yz+3xz+3xy}{xyz}-1=0-1=-1\)
Ta có :
\(M=x^4+y^4+z^4=\left(x^4+\frac{1}{9}\right)+\left(y^4+\frac{1}{9}\right)+\left(z^4+\frac{1}{9}\right)-\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\) ( "=" khi a=b ) , ta có :
\(M\ge\frac{2}{3}x^2+\frac{2}{3}y^2+\frac{2}{3}z^2-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\right)-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+z^2\right)+\left(x^2+z^2\right)\right]-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{2}{3}.\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\) ( Vì xy+yz+xz=1 )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Vậy \(GTNN_M=\frac{1}{3}\) khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
( Ko bít đúng Ko ) :)