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Ta có \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=\sqrt{xyz}\left(x,y,z>0\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\).
\(P=\frac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+y^2}\right)\)\(\left(x,y,z>0\right)\).
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{2y^2+2yz+2z^2}=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+\frac{3}{4}\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\forall y,z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}x\left(y+z\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(1\right)\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(y\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}y\left(x+z\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(2\right)\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}z\left(x+y\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(3\right)\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left[x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]=\sqrt{5}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+zx+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\right)\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=\sqrt{5}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}.3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\)
\(\left(4\right)\).
Vì \(x,y,z>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki, ta được:
\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\)\(\left(1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=1^2=1\)
(vì\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\)\(\left(5\right)\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(P\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra.
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z>0\\\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=\sqrt{xyz}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\).
Vậy \(minP=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\).
\(gt\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}+z\sqrt{2y^2+xy+2x^2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left[x.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(z+y\right)}{2}+y.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+z\right)}{2}+z.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+y\right)}{2}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(z+y\right)}{2yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+z\right)}{2xz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+y\right)}{2xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1+1+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\) (bunhia)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=9\)
Thấy : \(\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)>0\)
CMTT : \(\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+z\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{2y^2+xy+2x^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+y\right)\)
Suy ra : \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{xyz}.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left[x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}=\sqrt{xyz}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Mặt khác : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Suy ra : \(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x}{2y^2z^2+xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{2x^2z^2+xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{2x^2y^2+xyz}}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{2xyz.yz+xz.xy}}+\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{2xyz.xz+xy.yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{2xyz.xy+xz.yz}}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{yz\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+xz.xy}}+\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{xz\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+xy.yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{xy\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+xz.yz}}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{\left(yz+xy\right)\left(yz+xz\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{\left(xz+xy\right)\left(xz+yz\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{\left(xy+yz\right)\left(xy+xz\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bđt \(\sqrt{ab}\le\frac{a+b}{2}\) ta có:
\(2A\le\frac{x}{yz+xy}+\frac{x}{yz+xz}+\frac{y}{xz+xy}+\frac{y}{xz+yz}+\frac{z}{xy+yz}+\frac{z}{xy+xz}\)
\(=\frac{x+z}{yz+xy}+\frac{x+y}{yz+xz}+\frac{y+z}{xz+xy}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Mà: \(xy+yz+xz=2xyz\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow2A\le2\Rightarrow A\le1."="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{3}{2}\)
Xem lại cái đề đi Tuyển. Hình như giá trị nhỏ nhất của cái biểu thức dưới còn lớn hơn là 1 thì làm sao bài đó có giá trị x, y, z thỏa được mà bảo tính A.
\(xy+yz+zx\le3xyz\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\le3\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+x^2+xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+y^2+yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2+x^2+z^2+zx}}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+3xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+3yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2+3zx}}=\frac{4}{2\sqrt{4x\left(x+3y\right)}}+\frac{4}{2\sqrt{4y\left(y+3z\right)}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{4z\left(z+3x\right)}}\)
\(P\le4\left(\frac{1}{4x+x+3y}+\frac{1}{4y+y+3z}+\frac{1}{4z+z+3x}\right)=4\left(\frac{1}{5x+3y}+\frac{1}{5y+3z}+\frac{1}{5z+3x}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{4}{64}\left(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{3}{y}+\frac{5}{y}+\frac{3}{z}+\frac{5}{z}+\frac{3}{x}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\frac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Xét nào:)
Từ giả thiết suy ra x + y + z > 3
Ta có: \(P=2x^2+xy+2y^2=\frac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
Suy ra \(\sqrt{2x^2+xy+y^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}.\left(x+y\right)=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+y\right)\)
Tương tự hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế: \(P\ge\sqrt{5}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3\sqrt{5}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Is it right?!?
Cách làm dạng này nè :
\(2x^2+xy+2y^2=m\left(x-y\right)^2+n\left(x+y\right)^2\)
=\(\left(m+n\right)x^2+\left(-2m+2n\right)xy+\left(m+n\right)y^2\)
=> hpt m + n = 2 ; -2m + 2n = 1
=> m ; n
Phần này chỉ là nháp