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Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x},b=\frac{1}{y},c=\frac{1}{z}\),xyz=1
Cần CM: \(1+\frac{3}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}\ge\frac{6}{\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{3}{xy+yz+zx}\ge\frac{6}{x+y+z}\)
Thật vậy \(1+\frac{3}{xy+yz+zx}\ge1+\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9}{x+y+z}}=\frac{6}{x+y+z}\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
\(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\right)\le\left(\sqrt{ab}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(a-c\right)+c\left(b-c\right)\le ab\)
Thấy: \(c\left(a-c+b-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac-\left(c^2-cb+c^2\right)\)
\(c< b\Rightarrow ac< ab\)
Do đó: \(ac-\left(c^2-cb+c^2\right)< ab\)
Vậy: \(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
ta cần cm \(\left(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2\le ab\)
mà theo bunhia \(\left(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2\le\left(c+b-c\right)\left(c+a-c\right)=ab\)
1.
\(-1\le a\le2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+1\ge0\\a-2\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow a^2\le}2+a\)
Tương tự \(b^2\le2+b,c^2\le2+c\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le6+a+b+c=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2,b=c=-1 và các hoán vị của chúng
Xét \(\frac{a^2+1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{a}\)
Dễ thấy dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\frac{1}{3}\)
khi đó \(a+\frac{1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{8}{9a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a.1}{9a}}+\frac{8}{\frac{9.1}{3}}=\frac{10}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a^2+1}\le\frac{3}{10}\)
tương tự =>đpcm
Ta có :\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2009}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{2007}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy - Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}\)
\(=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{3^2}=1\)( do \(a+b+c\le3\)) (1)
Lại có : \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
nên \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\Leftrightarrow9\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2007}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\frac{2007}{3}=669\)(2)
Từ (1) ; (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{2007}{ab+bc+ca}\ge670\)
Hay \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2009}{ab+bc+ca}\ge670\)(đpcm)
\(a+bc=a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc=a^2+ab+ac+bc=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
tương tự :
\(b+ac=\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right);c+ba=\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
\(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy cho hai số dương
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+b}+\frac{c}{c+a}\right)\)
cộng vế theo vế
\(P\le1\)