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Đặt \(A=\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{a+b+d}\)
Ta thấy: \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}>\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{a+b+d}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
=> \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{a+b+d}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
=>\(A>\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
=>A>1
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}<\frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}<\frac{b+a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}<\frac{c+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{a+b+d}<\frac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
=>\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{a+b+d}<\frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b+a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c+b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
=>\(A<\frac{a+d+b+a+c+b+d+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
=>\(A<\frac{2.\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
=>A<2
Vậy \(1<\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{a+b+d}<2\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+m}{b+m}\left(a;b;m>0\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{2b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{2c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{2d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(< \frac{2a+2b+2c+2d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(< \frac{2.\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(< 2\left(đpcm\right)\)
a, \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{ad}{bd};\frac{c}{d}=\frac{bc}{bd}\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b, Theo câu a ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
a, \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{ad}{bd};\frac{c}{d}=\frac{bc}{bd}\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b, Theo câu a, ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)(1)
Lại có: \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm.
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c}.\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}>\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(=>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}\)
\(>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)
\(=>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}>1\)(1)
* Ta có : \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+c}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}< \frac{b}{b+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}< \frac{c}{c+a}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{d}{d+b}\)
\(=>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}\)
\(< \frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+d}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{d}{d+b}=\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+d}{b+d}=2\)
\(=>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra
\(1< \frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)
Ta có:\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\Rightarrow ad.ab< bc.ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)(1)
và \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad.cd< bc.cd\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)