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Bài 6 . Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( a > 0 ; b > 0)
⇔ ( a + b)2 ≥ 4ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)≥ ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) ( 1 )
CMTT , ta cũng được : \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) ( 2) ; \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)( 3)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) , Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
Bài 4.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương a , b, c , ta có :
\(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\) ( a > 0 ; b > 0) ( 1)
\(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}}\) ( b > 0 ; c > 0) ( 2)
\(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}}\) ( a > 0 ; c > 0) ( 3)
Nhân từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3) , ta được :
\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\) ≥ \(8\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{a}}=8\)
Vì abc=1 nên có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3+3=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}+3=\frac{a^2}{bc}+\frac{b^2}{ac}+\frac{c^2}{ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{4b^2}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{4c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+3\)(1)
Đặt: \(\frac{a}{b+c}=X;\frac{b}{c+a}=Y;\frac{c}{a+b}=Z\)
Ta có: \(4X^2+4Y^2+4Z^2+3-4X-4Y-4Z=\left(2X-1\right)^2+\left(2Y-1\right)^2+\left(2Z-1\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(4Z^2+4Y^2+4Z^2+3\ge4X+4Y+4Z=4\left(X+Y+Z\right)\)
=> \(\frac{4a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{4b^2}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{4c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+3\ge4\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
=> \(a^3+b^3+c^3+3\ge4\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
"=" xảy ra <=> a =b =c =1.\(\)
Ta có \(3a+1\ge\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{10}-1}{3}a+1\right)^2\Leftrightarrow a\left(3-a\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Do đó \(\sqrt{3a+1}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{10}-1}{3}a+1\).
Tương tự, \(\sqrt{3b+1}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{10}-1}{3}b+1;\sqrt{3c+1}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{10}-1}{3}c+1\).
Do đó \(\sqrt{3a+1}+\sqrt{3b+1}+\sqrt{3c+1}\ge\sqrt{10}+2\).
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi chẳng hạn a = 3; b = c = 0
Tham khảo:
https://hoc24.vn/hoi-dap/tim-kiem?id=219071991005&q=Cho%203%20s%E1%BB%91%20th%E1%BB%B1c%20kh%C3%B4ng%20%C3%A2m%20a%2Cb%2Cc%20v%C3%A0%20a%20b%20c%3D3%20T%C3%ACm%20GTLN%20v%C3%A0%20GTNN%20c%E1%BB%A7a%20bi%E1%BB%83u%20th%E1%BB%A9c%20K%3D%5C%28%5Csqrt%7B3a%201%7D%20%5Csqrt%7B3b%201%7D%20%5Csqrt%7B3c%201%7D%5C%29
\(sigma\frac{a}{1+b^2}=sigma\left(a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge sigma\left(a\right)-sigma\frac{ab}{2}\ge3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}>\frac{2018}{2003}\)
1) \(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\frac{1^2}{1}=1\)
2) \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
=> \(P\ge2018.1+\frac{1}{3}.\frac{1}{3}=2018\frac{1}{9}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1/3
Vậy GTNN của P = \(2018\frac{1}{9}\) tại a = b = c = 1/3
b, \(\Delta'=b'^2-ac=\left[-\left(m-1\right)\right]^2-1.\left(-m-3\right)=m^2-2m+1+m+3\)
\(=m^2-m+4=m^2-m+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{15}{4}=\left(m-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{15}{4}>0\)
Vậy pt (1) có 2 nghiệm x1,x2 với mọi m
Theo hệ thức vi-et ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x_1+x_2=2\left(m-1\right)\left(2\right)\\x_1x_2=-m-3\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: \(x_1^2+x_2^2=10\Leftrightarrow\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2=10\)
<=>\(4\left(m-1\right)^2-2\left(-m-3\right)=10\)
<=>\(4m^2-8m+4+2m+6=10\)
<=>\(4m^2-6m+10=10\Leftrightarrow2m\left(2m-3\right)=0\)
<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}m=0\\m=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
c, Từ (2) => \(m=\frac{x_1+x_2+2}{2}\)
Thay m vào (3) ta có: \(x_1x_2=\frac{-x_1-x_2-2}{2}-3=\frac{-x_1-x_2-8}{2}\)
<=>\(2x_1x_2+x_1+x_2=-8\)
DEO AI BT DAU A.Zay nen tu lam nha.