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Lời giải:
Có \(M=\left ( \frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4^3}+...+\frac{2015}{4^{2015}} \right )-\left ( \frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^4}+...+\frac{2016}{4^{2016}} \right )=A-B\)
Xét \(A= \frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4^3}+...+\frac{2015}{4^{2015}} \Rightarrow 16A=4+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{4^3}+...+\frac{2015}{4^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 15A=4+2\underbrace{\left ( \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2013}} \right )}_{T}-\frac{2015}{4^{2015}}\)
Lại có \(16T=4+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2011}}\Rightarrow 15T=4-\frac{1}{4^{2013}}\)
Do đó \(A=\frac{1}{15}\left ( 4+\frac{8}{15}-\frac{2}{15.4^{2013}}-\frac{2015}{4^{2015}} \right )\)
Thực hiện tương tự, suy ra
\(B=\frac{1}{15}\left ( 2+\frac{2}{15}-\frac{2}{15.4^{2014}}-\frac{2016}{4^{2016}} \right )\)
\(\Rightarrow M=A-B=\frac{1}{15}\left ( \frac{12}{5}-\frac{90692}{15.4^{2014}} \right )<\frac{1}{15}.\frac{12}{5}=\frac{4}{25}\)
Ta có đpcm
Bài 3: a) Xét A=(1+1/2+1/3+....+1/98).2.3.4.5.....98
=(1+1/2+1/3+....+1/98).(9.11).2.3.4.....98
=(1+1/2+1/3+....+1/98).99.2.3.4....98⋮99
(đpcm)
ta thấy:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{2015^2}< \dfrac{1}{2014.2015}\)
=> A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2014.2015}\right)\)
=> A< \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2014}-\dfrac{1}{2015}\right)\)
<=> A< \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2015}\right)\) = \(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2015}\) < \(\dfrac{3}{4}\).
=> đpcm.