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Fe3O4 + 8HCl --> FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O
_a_______8a______a_____2a______4a_
Fe2O3 + 6HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
_b______6b_______2b_____3b_
FeO + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2O
_c____2c_______c______c_
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
_d___2d________d________d_
H2 + CuO --> Cu + H2O
_d____d_____d_____d_
nCuO = 3.2 / 80 = 0.04
=> d = 0.04
mHCl = 360 * 18.25 / 100 = 65.7 (g)
nHCl = 65.7 / 36.5 = 1.8 (mol)
=> 8a + 6b + 2c + 2d = 1.8
=> 8a + 6b + 2c + 0.08 = 1.8
=> 8a + 6b + 2c = 1.72
=> 4a + 3b + c = 0.86
a)
theo đlbtkl ta có
mHCl + mhh = mmuối + mH2O + mH2
65.7 + 57.6 = mmuối + 0.86 * 18 + 0.04 * 2
=> mmuối = 107.74 (g)
b) Fe3O4 + 8HCl --> FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O
_a_______8a______a_____2a______4a_
Fe2O3 + 6HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
_b______6b_______2b_____3b_
FeO + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2O
_b____2b_______b______b_
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0.2__0.4_______0.2____0.2
nH2 = nFe = 0.2
232a + 232b =57.6-0.2X56
8a + 8b = 1.8-0.2X2
vô nghiệm vì nFe2O3 =nFeO tuong đương 2ẩn cung M
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: m dd tăng = mKL - mH2
⇒ mH2 = 16,6 - 15,6 = 1 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 16,6 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=0,5\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ nAl = nFe = 0,2 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{40\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 91,25 + 15,6 = 106,85 (g)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{106,85}.100\%\approx24,98\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{106,85}.100\%\approx23,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{16,6-15,6}{2}=0,5mol\\ n_{HCl}=1mol\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ 27a+56b=16,6\\ 3a+2b=1\\ a=b=0,2\\ m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2g\\ m_{ddsau}=15,6+\dfrac{36,5}{0,4}=106,85g\\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{133,5.0,2}{106,85}.100\%=24,99\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,2}{106,85}.100\%=23,77\%\)
m dd sau pư = mFe + m dd HCl - mH2 thôi em nhé, Cu không phản ứng nên không cộng thêm vào.
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10}.100\%=56\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)
b) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=2n_{HCl}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%}.100\%=100\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{ddspu}=10+100-0,1.2=109,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{109,8}.100\%=11,57\%\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=1\cdot24=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{32}\cdot100\%=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Theo 2 PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Mg}=2mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{MgO}=2\cdot\dfrac{32-24}{40}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=2,4mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2,4\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=1200\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(\Sigma n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Sigma n_{HCl}=1,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma m_{MgCl_2}=1,2\cdot95=114\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=1\cdot2=2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=1230\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{114}{1230}\cdot100\%\approx9,27\%\)
a. PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2 (1)
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2 (2)
b. Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Fe và Mg
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0,25\) (*)
Theo đề, ta lại có: 56x + 24y = 8,25 (**)
Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,25\\56x+24y=8,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,07\\y\approx0,18\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,07.56=3,92\left(g\right)\)
=> \(\%_{m_{Fe}}=\dfrac{3,92}{8,25}.100\%=47,52\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Mg}}=100\%-47,52\%=52,48\%\)
Mg+ 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2
Fe + 2Hcl => FeCL2 + H2
mdd giảm = mH2 = 1(g) => nH2 = 0,5mol
ta có 24x +56y = 23,2
x + y = 0,5
=> x=0,15 ; y = 0,35
=> mMg = 24.0,15 = 3,6 (g)
mFe = 0,35.56 = 19,6(g)
nHCl = 2nH2 = 1 mol
=> mddHCl = \(\frac{1.36,5.100}{25}=146\left(g\right)\)
=> mdd= 23,2 + 146 -1 =168,2
C% MgCl2 = \(\frac{0,15.95}{168,2}.100\%=8,472\%\)
C% FeCl2 = \(\frac{0,35.127}{168,2}.100\%=26,427\%\)