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Read the passage and choose the best answers:
Louis Braille was born in France in 1809 . His father had a small business . He made shoes and other things from leather . Louis liked to help his father in the store even when he was very small . One day when Louis was 3 years old , he was cutting some leather , suddenly the knife slipped and hit him in the eyes . He soon became completely blind .
When he was ten years old , he entered the National Institute for the blind in Paris . One day his class went to visit a speacial exhibit by a captain in the army . One thing in the exhibit was very interesting for Louis . It showed messages in code . Armies send messages in secret codes so no - one else can read them . The captain wrote this code in raised letters on very thick paper .
Louis thought a lot about this code . Then he decided to write in the same way so the blind could " read " with their fingers . It is very difficult to feel the differences between raised letters . Instead of letters , Louis used a " cell " of six dots . He arranged the dots with two dots across and three down . So blind people can read and write even write music by Braille .
1 . It is difficult to feel the differences between ................................
A . arrangements of dots
B . coded messages
C . raised letters
D . a system of raised dots
2 . Louis Braille's father made things from .............................
A . codes
B . exhibit
C. leather
D . wood
3 . Which of these sentences is probably not true ?
A . Braille invented a system of reading for blind people .
B . Braille system is used for everyone .
C . Braille visited an exhibit of codes
D . Braille was an intelligent boy .
4 . When Louis was ten years old , he began to study ......................................
A . at a local school
B . at a special school for the blind .
C . in the army
D . at a university .
Read the passage and choose the correct choice. (3 points)
Up to about 1915, movies were shot and programs were made up of several works. Then, D.W.Griffith and others began to make longer films that provided the same powerful emotional appeal as did melodrama and presented spectacles far beyond what the theater could offer. Consequently, after World War I increasing numbers of spectators deserted the theater for the movies. This trend was accelerated in the late 1920s as a result of two new elements. In 1927 sound was added to the previously silent film, and thus one of the theater's principal claims to superiority vanished. In 1929 a serious economic depression began. Since audiences could go to the movies for a fraction of what it cost to see a play, theater going became a luxury that few could afford, especially as the depression deepened. By the end of World War II, the American theater had been reduced to about thirty theaters in New York City and a small number of touring companies originating there.
1. One thing that movies could do better than the theater was to ______
A. provide longer programs.
B. provide emotional appeal.
C. provide more melodrama.
D. provide greater spectacles.
2. Up to the 1920s one objection to film was that ______
A. they were too short
B. they were silent.
C. they were too expensive.
D. they did not tell a complete
3. One thing that made people choose the movies over the theater was ______
A. World War I.
B. the fact that films were less expensive.
C. the fact that films were silent.
D. the fact that films were shorter.
4. By the end of the World War II, ________.
A. theater had become entertainment for the masses.
B. the theater was no longer considered a luxury. C. professional theatrical performances were confined mainly to New York
D. There were no theatrical performances outside of New York City.
5. When the author of this paragraph says "this trend was accelerated in late 1920s" he means that ________
A. many more people went to the theater than to the movies.
B. the shift away from the movies to the theater was slowed down.
C. the popularity of the theater was gradually increasing.
D. the shift away from the theater to the movies was speeder up.
The 19th century was a period of great change in the history of the USA. After the U.S. civil war, the Southerners were not happy with the situation which they were forced to face. The slaves were liberated, even the ones that wished to continue the old way of living. The economy of the South had gone down considerably and there was little opportunity for honest work. The growing number of blacks living as free men next to their former owners nourished the anger of some Southerners. The South was a wasteland both financially and psychologically. This resulted in the formation of secret societies, the Ku Klux Klan being the most infamous of them.
Six Confederate veterans, all in their twenties, founded the Klan. They also started the typical Klan clothing: a white robe and white "witches" hats with eyeholes. However, the purpose of this original form of the Ku Klux Klan was not political or even racist. The main aim of the Klan at the beginning was to play pranks and have fun. All of the Klan members had to attend the weekly gatherings, which "were held in the cellar of a deserted brick house standing on a hill ".
This secret society of bored young men started gradually enlarging. Soon the pranks of the original Klan were designated mainly towards the liberated slaves. They held particularly the Negroes in terror who had gained land and prospered. The original, fairly innocent secret society turned into a blood-thirsty group. By 1870 The Ku Klux Klan and their operation had been made known all through the States, mostly in a negative way. During the late 1950s and early 1960s there were several blacks murdered, and houses bombed. The Klansmen were dedicated to cutting this "bad weed" out of the American soil. It reacted strongly against the Civil Rights movement and opposed Martin Luther King. This form of the Ku Klux Klan was extremely political.
The Klan is still fairly active in the USA today. However, the times were changing and there was no point attacking blacks, as the Civil Rights movement could not be erased. It seems the violent Klan of the 1960s has changed into a society controlled by strict rules and honour codes. The members of the Klan are now dedicated to protecting the white race and the "proper Christian religion". They declare that they have the same right to preach for white power as the blacks have to being proud of their origins. The main form of action in today's Klan is protests, rallies and Internet shows. It seems that the modern Klan still fosters some of the main ideas of the Ku Klux Klan but in a more peaceful and rational way.
57. This article is mainly about .
(A) the origin of the Ku Klux Klan and how it has operated
(B) the honor code and strict rules of the Ku Klux Klan
(C) the U.S. Civil War and slave liberation
(D) the Klan’s political stand and the idea of equality
58. What is the true phenomenon after the U.S. Civil War ?
(A) No liberated slaves wanted the old way of living.
(B) The southerners soon identified with the Yankees.
(C) The economy of the south prospered.
(D) Secret societies started to form.
59. Which of the following is TRUE about the KKK before 1870?
(A) It acted against the Civil Right movement
(B) It had its members wear white costumes
(C) It held the weekly gathering in a Protestant church
(D) It was an extreme political society
60. Which of the following statements about today’s Klan is NOTtrue ?
(A) It is dedicated to protecting the white race.
(B) It takes action in the form of rallies and internet shows.
(C) It still holds hatred toward blacks.
(D) It strives to be neutral and rational.
People have come to settle in Britain for centuries from many parts of the world. Some came to avoid political or religious persecution, and others came to find a better way of life or an escape from poverty. The Irish has long made home in Britain. Many Jewish refugees started their new life in the country at the end of the nineteenth century. In 1930s and after the World War II a large number of people from other European countries came to live there. There also have been many people who came from some countries in Asia. According to the results of a recent survey the non-white population of Great Britain was about 2.4 million, 4.5% the total population. Only half of them were born in Britain. Most of the non-white refugees live in the poorest areas of the cities or in the countryside, where they can only get the worst services and low living standards. All they have to suffer is due to racial discrimination. Although progress has undoubtedly made over the last twenty years in several areas, life is not really better to many non-white refugees. However, with their effort, many individuals have got success in their careers and in public life. The proportion of ethnic minority workers in professional and managerial jobs has increased.
Question: 1. What is the text about?
.............non-white refugees' life in Britain........................................................................................................................
Question: 2. How many non-white refugees live in Britain?
........................ 1.2 million.........................................................................................................
Question: 3. What do most of the non-white refugees in Britain have to suffer?
.................Most of the non-white refugees in Britain have to suffer racial discrimination....................................................................................................................
Question: 4. What does the word “individuals” refer to?
.....................non-white refugees..........................................
I. Read the following passage and answer the questions:
Pele is considered one of the greatest football players of all time. He was born in 1940 in Brazil. As a football player, Pele was famous for his powerful kicking and controlling the ball. He joined a Brazilian football club in 1956, and in 1962 he led the team to its first world club championship. Pele became the only player to participate in three World Cups in 1958, 1962 and 1970. By 1974, Pele had scored 1200 goals and became a Brazilian national hero. He played for an American football club for two years before he retired in 1977. Later Pele became an international ambassador for the sport, working to promote peace and understanding through friendly sport activities.
1. What was Pele famous for as a football player?
___ Pele was famous for his powerful kicking and controlling the ball___________________________________________________-
2. When did he join an American football club?
___He joined a Brazilian football club in 1956___________________________________________________
3. How many World Cups did he take part in?
___He became the only player to participate in three World Cups__________________________________________________
4. How old was he when he retired?
___he retired in 1977__________________________________________________
5. What did he do after his retirement?
____Later Pele became an international ambassador for the sport, working to promote peace and understanding through friendly sport activities._________________________________________________
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2. He played for an American football club for two years before he retired in 1977
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. He was born on December 17th 1770 in Bonn, but he (1)....moved.............................. to Vienna, Austria in 1792, and lived there until his death in 1827. Beethoven showed his (2)......innate............. talents at an early age and was taught by his father Johann van Beethoven. Beethoven is regarded to as (3)...one........... of the "three Bs" (along with Bach and Brahms). His best-known (4)...products............ include 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 32 piano sonatas, and 16 string quarters. He also (5)....has........... chamber music, choral works (including the celebrated Missa solemis), and songs. He was also a key figure in the transition from the 18th century musicial classicism to 19th century romanticism.
Read the passage carefully, and do the tasks that follow.
Elie Wiesel - A Messenger to Mankind
Elie Wiesel was born in 1928 in Transylvania, which is now part of Romania. When he was fifteen years old, he and his family were forced by the Nazis to come to Auschwitz. Only he and his two older sisters survived.
After the Second World War, Elie Wiesel studied in Paris and later became a journalist. During an interview with the famous French writer, Francois Mauriac, he was persuaded to write about his experiences in the death camps. The result was his book, Night, which has been translated into more than thirty languages. As a devoted supporter of human rights, Elie Wiesel has defended the cause of Soviet Jews, Nicaragua’s Miskito Indians, Cambodian refugees, the Kurds, victims of famine and genocide in Africa, of apartheid in South Africa, and victims of war in the South Africa, and victims of war in the former Yugoslavia. He is President of The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity, an organization he and his wife created to fight indifference, intolerance and injustice.
Teaching has always been central to Elie Wiesel’s work. He has been teaching at many famous universities all over the world. He is the author of more than sixty books of fiction and non-fiction, including “A Beggar in Jerusalem”, “The Fifth Son”, “All Rivers Run to the Sea”, “And the Sea is Never Full”, etc.
For his literary and human rights activities, he has received numerous awards and in 1986 he won the Nobel Prize for Peace.
1: Find the words or expressions in the text which have the following meanings.
1. concentration camps in which a large number of people are ________death camps__________
systematically put to death
2. the killing of a whole group of people genocide
3. lack of interest in someone or something indifference
4. refusal to accept ideas, behaviour... that are different from
your own intolerance
5. the situation being unfair injustice
2: Read the passage, and answer the questions below.
6. Why did Elie Wiesel become a writer although his first job was a journalist?
Because during an interview with the famous French writer, Francois Mauriac, he was persuaded to write about his experiences in the death camps and as a result, he became a writer.
7. What did he do to support human rights?
Elie Wiesel defended the cause of Soviet Jews, Nicaragua’s Miskito Indians, Cambodian refugees, the Kurds, victims of famine and genocide in Africa, of apartheid in South Africa, and victims of war in the South Africa, and victims of war in the former Yugoslavia.
8. What is the aim of “The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity”
Its aim is to fight indifference, intolerance and injustice.
9. What is the core of his work?
The core of his work is teaching.
10. When did he win the Nobel Prize for Peace?
In 1986.