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a, - Đặt \(x^2+4x+8=a\) ta được :\(a^2+3xa+2x^2\)
\(=a^2+xa+2xa+2x^2\)
\(=a\left(a+x\right)+2x\left(a+x\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+a\right)\left(x+a\right)\)
- Thay lại x vào đa thức ta được :
\(\left(2x+x^2+4x+8\right)\left(x+x^2+4x+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x+8\right)\left(x^2+5x+8\right)\)
b, - Đặt \(x^2+x+1=a\) ta được :\(a\left(a+1\right)-12\)
\(=a^2+a-12\)
\(=a^2+\frac{1}{2}.2.a+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{49}{4}\)
\(=\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{7}{2}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{7}{2}\right)\left(a+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{7}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(a+4\right)\left(a-3\right)\)
- Thay lại x vào đa thức ta được :
\(\left(x^2+x+1+4\right)\left(x^2+x+1-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
c, - Đặt \(x^2+8x+7=a\) ta được : \(a\left(a+8\right)+15\)
\(=a^2+8a+15\)
\(=a^2+3a+5a+15\)
\(=a\left(a+3\right)+5\left(a+3\right)\)
\(=\left(a+3\right)\left(a+5\right)\)
- Thay lại x vào đa thức ta được :
\(\left(x^2+8x+7+3\right)\left(x^2+8x+7+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\left(x^2+8x+12\right)\)
d, Ta có : \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+5x+10\right)\left(x^2+3x+4x+12\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
- Đặt \(x^2+7x+10=a\) ta được : \(a\left(a+2\right)-24\)
\(=a^2+2a-24\)
\(=a^2-4a+6a-24\)
\(=a\left(a-4\right)+6\left(a-4\right)\)
\(=\left(a+6\right)\left(a-4\right)\)
- Thay lại x vào đa thức ta được :
\(\left(x^2+7x+10+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+10-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\)
a, ( x2 + x )2 - 14 ( x2 + x ) + 24
= (x2 + x)2 - 2(x2 + x) -12(x2 + x) + 24
= (x2 + x).(x2 + x -2) - 12(x2 + x -2)
= (x2 + x -2).(x2 + x -12)
= (x2 + 2x - x - 2).(x2 + 4x - 3x - 12)
=[x.(x+2)-(x+2)].[x.(x+4)-3(x+4)]
= (x+2).(x-1).(x+4).(x-3)
= x4 + 2x3 - 13x2 - 14x + 24
b, ( x2 + x )2 + 4x2 + 4x - 12
= x4 + 2x3 + x2 + 4x2 + 4x -12
= x4 + 2x3 + 5x2 + 4x -12
c, x4 + 2x3 + 5x2 + 4x - 12
= x4 - x3 + 3x3 - 3x2 + 8x2 - 8x +12x -12
= x3(x-1) + 3x2(x-1) + 8x(x-1) + 12(x-1)
= (x-1) . (x3 + 3x2 + 8x +12)
= (x-1) . ( x3 +2x2 + x2 + 2x + 6x +12)
= (x-1). [x2(x+2) + x(x+2) + 6(x+2)]
= (x-1).(x+2).(x2 + x+ 6)
Bài 5:
a) Ta có: \(x^4+4\)
\(=x^4+4\cdot x^2+4-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^4+64\)
\(=x^4+16x^2+64-16x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+8\right)^2-\left(4x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+8\right)\left(x^2+4x+8\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(x^8+x^7+1\)
\(=x^8+x^7+x^6-x^6+1\)
\(=x^6\left(x^2+x+1\right)-\left(x^6-1\right)\)
\(=x^6\left(x^2+x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[x^6-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^6-x^4+x-x^3-1\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(x^8+x^4+1\)
\(=x^8+x^4+x^6-x^6+1\)
\(=x^4\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)-\left(x^6-1\right)\)
\(=x^4\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\)
g) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^2-24\)
\(=x^4+6x^2-4x^2-24\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+6\right)-4\left(x^2+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6\right)\left(x^2-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
i) Ta có: \(a^4+4b^4\)
\(=a^4+4a^2b^2+4b^4-4a^2b^2\)
\(=\left(a^2+2b^2\right)^2-\left(2ab\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a^2-2ab+2b^2\right)\left(a^2+2ab+2b^2\right)\)
a)x7+x5+1=x7+x6-x6+2x5-x5+x4-x4+x3-x3+x2-x2+1
=x7-x6+x5-x3+x2+x6-x5+x4-x2+x+x5-x4+x3-x+1
=x2(x5-x4+x3-x+1)+x(x5-x4+x3-x+1)+1(x5-x4+x3-x+1)
=(x2+x+1)(x5-x4+x3-x+1)
b)4x4-32x2+1=4x4+12x3+2x2-12x3-36x2-6x+2x2+6x+1
=2x2(2x2+6x+1)-6x(2x2+6x+1)+1(2x2+6x+1)
=(2x2-6x+1)(2x2+6x+1)
c)x6+27=(x2+3)(x2-3x+3)(x2+3x+3)
d)3(x4+x2+1)-(x2+x+1)
=3x4-3x3+2x2+3x3-3x2+2x+3x2-3x+2
=x2(3x2-3x+2)+x(3x2-3x+2)+1(3x2-3x+2)
=(x2+x+1)(3x2-3x+2)
e)bạn tự làm nhé
f(x) = (x+1)(x+3)(x+5)(x+7)+15
= (x+1)(x+7)(x+3)(x+5)+15
= (x2+7x+x+7)(x2+5x+3x+15)+15
= (x2+8x+7)(x2+8x+15)+15
Đặt X=x2+8x+11
f(x) = (X-4)(X+4)+15
= X2-16+15
= X2-12
= (X-1)(X+1)
=> f(x)= (x2+8x+11-1)(x2+8x+11+1)
f(x) = (x2+8x+10)(x2+8x+12)
Đến đây là vẫn còn phân tích được nhưng không dùng phương pháp đặt biến phụ:
f(x) = (x2+8x+10)(x2+8x+12)
= (x2+8x+10)[(x2+2x)+(6x+12)]
= (x2+8x+10)[x(x+2)+6(x+2)]
= (x+2)(x+6)(x2+8x+10)
A=(x+1)(x+3)(x+5)(x+7)+15=[(x+1)(x+7)][(x+3)(x+5)]+15=(x2+8x+7)(x2+8X+15)+15
Đặt t=x2+8x+7=> A=t2+8t+15=(t+4)2-1=(t+5)(t+3)=(x2+8x+12)(X2+8x+10)=(x+2)(x+6)(x2+8x+10)
vậy...........................................
Gợi ý:
a) Đặt \(t=x^2+x+1\)
b) Đặt \(t=x^2+8x+11\)
c) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)
\(=\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\right].\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\right]-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
Đặt: \(t=x^2+7x+11\)