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\(a\text{) }\left|2x-5\right|+\left|3y+1\right|=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-5\right|=0\\\left|3y+1\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=0\\3y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\3y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left|3x-4\right|+\left|3y-5\right|=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|3x-4\right|=0\\\left|3y-5\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=0\\3y-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=4\\3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left|2x-5\right|+\left|xy-3y+2\right|=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-5\right|=0\\\left|xy-3y+2\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=0\\xy-3y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\xy-3y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\xy-3y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\\dfrac{5}{2}y-3y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\\left(\dfrac{5}{2}-3\right)y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|2y-4z\right|=0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|\ge0\forall x;y\\\left|2y-4z\right|\ge0\forall y;z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|2y-4z\right|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|=0\\\left|2y-4z\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=3y\\2y=4z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{2}\\\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{4}\\\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{6+4+2}=\dfrac{7}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{12}.6=\dfrac{7}{2}\\y=\dfrac{7}{12}.4=\dfrac{7}{3}\\z=\dfrac{7}{12}.2=\dfrac{7}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)\(\left|x-2\right|+\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-4\right|=0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|\ge0\\\left|x-3\right|\ge0\\\left|x-4\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|+\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-4\right|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=0\\\left|x-3\right|=0\\\left|x-4\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(2\ne3\ne4\) nên \(x\in\varnothing\)
c)
\(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+...+\left|x+8\right|+\left|x+9\right|\)
Với mọi \(x\ge0\) ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+1\right|=x+1\\\left|x+2\right|=x+2\\\left|x+8\right|=x+8\\\left|x+9\right|=x+9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x+1+x+2+...+x+8+x+9=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x+90=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x=x-89\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=89\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{89}{-8}\left(KTM\right)\)
Với mọi \(x< 0\) ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-x-1\\x+2=-x-2\\x+8=-x-8\\x+9=-x-9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(-x-1\right)+\left(-x-2\right)+...+\left(-x-8\right)+\left(-x-9\right)=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-9x-90=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-9x=x+89\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-10x=89\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{89}{-10}\left(TM\right)\)
d)\(\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|5y-2z\right|+\left|2z-6\right|=0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|\ge0\\ \left|5y-2z\right|\ge0\\ \left|2z-6\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|5y-2z\right|+\left|2z-6\right|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|=0\\\left|5y-2z\right|=0\\\left|2z-6\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z=3\\y=\dfrac{6}{5}\\x=\dfrac{9}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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B2:
a/b=b/c=c/a=a+b+c/b+c+a=1
suy ra a/b=1 suy ra a=b=1(vì hai số bằng nhau mới có tích là 1)
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với b/c và c/a cũng tương tự như trên và sẽ suy ra a=b=c
a, \(|x-1|+|2x-y+3|=0\)
Ta có : \(|x-1|\ge0;|2x-y+3|\ge0< =>|x-1|+|2x-y+3|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\2x-y+3=0\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=5\end{cases}}}\)
b, \(|x-y|+|x+y-2|=0\)
Ta có : \(|x-y|\ge0;|x+y-2|\ge0< =>|x-y|+|x+y-2|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\x+y-2=0\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=1\end{cases}< =>x=y=1}}\)
c, \(|x+y-1|+|2x-3y|=0\)
Ta có : \(|x+y-1|\ge0;|2x-3y|\ge0< =>|x+y-1|+|2x-3y|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\2x-3y=0\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có : \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{x+y}{3+2}=\frac{1}{5}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{3}=\frac{1}{5}\\\frac{y}{2}=\frac{1}{5}\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}5.x=1.3\\y.5=1.2\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}5x=3\\5y=2\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{5}\\y=\frac{2}{5}\end{cases}}}}\)
a) Ta có :\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x-1\right|\ge0\forall x\\\left|2x-y+3\right|\ge0\forall x;y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|+\left|2x-y+3\right|\ge0\forall x;y\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\2x-y+3=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\2x-y=-3\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
b) Ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x-y\right|\ge0\forall x;y\\\left|x+y-2\right|\ge0\forall x;y\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left|x-y\right|+\left|x+y-2\right|\ge0\forall x;y}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\x+y-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y\\x+y=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
c) Ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x+y-1\right|\ge0\forall x;y\\\left|2x-3y\right|\ge0\forall x;y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left|x+y-1\right|+\left|2x-3y\right|\ge0\forall x;y\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\2x-3y=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\2x=3y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x=\frac{3}{2}y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{5}\\y=\frac{2}{5}\end{cases}}\)
có |2x-5| luôn \(\ge0\forall x\in Q\)
cũng có \(\left|3y+1\right|\ge0\forall y\in Q\)
=> \(\left|2x-5\right|+\left|3y-1\right|\ge0\forall x;y\in Q\)
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-5=0\\3y-1=0\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x=5\\3y=1\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2}{5}\\y=\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
vậy \(x=\frac{2}{5};y=\frac{1}{3}\)
em nhớ là phải dùng ngoặc nhọn như trên nhé! Nếu không sẽ sai đấy!
3 câu còn lại cũng tương tự
a.
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=0\\3y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\3y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=\dfrac{-1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=0\\3y-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=4\\3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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