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1)
b) \(\left(x-z\right)^2-y^2+2y-1\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)-\left(y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(x-z\right)+\left(y-1\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(x-z\right)-\left(y+1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z+y-1\right)\cdot\left(x-z-y-1\right)\)
Bài 1 :
a ) \(x^2-6x-y^2+9=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3+y\right)\left(x-3-y\right)\)
b) \(25-4x^2-4xy-y^2=5^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=5^2-\left(2x+y\right)^2=\left(5+2x+y\right)\left(5-2x-y\right)\)
c) \(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz=\left(x+y\right)^2-z.\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-z\right)\)
d) \(x^2-4xy+4y^2-z^2+4tz-4t^2=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)-\left(z^2-4tz+4t^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2-\left(z-2t\right)^2=\left(x-2y+z-2t\right).\left(x-2y-z+2t\right)\)
BÀi 2 :
a) \(ax^2+cx^2-ay+ay^2-cy+cy^2=\left(ax^2+cx^2\right)-\left(ay+cy\right)+\left(ay^2+cy^2\right)\)
\(=x^2.\left(a+c\right)-y\left(a+c\right)+y^2.\left(a+c\right)=\left(a+c\right).\left(x^2-y+y^2\right)\)
b) \(ax^2+ay^2-bx^2-by^2+b-a=\left(ax^2-bx^2\right)+\left(ay^2-by^2\right)-\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=x^2.\left(a-b\right)+y^2.\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)\)
c) \(ac^2-ad-bc^2+cd+bd-c^3=\left(ac^2-ad\right)+\left(cd+bd\right)-\left(bc^2+c^3\right)\)
\(=-a.\left(d-c^2\right)+d.\left(b+c\right)-c^2.\left(b+c\right)=\left(b+c\right).\left(d-c^2\right)-a\left(d-c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c-a\right)\left(d-c^2\right)\)
BÀi 3 :
a) \(x.\left(x-5\right)-4x+20=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)-4\left(x-5\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-5=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=4\end{cases}}}\)
b) \(x.\left(x+6\right)-7x-42=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x+6\right)-7.\left(x+6\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\left(x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+6=0\\x-7=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-6\\x=7\end{cases}}}\)
c) \(x^3-5x^2+x-5=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2.\left(x-5\right)+\left(x-5\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1=0\\x-5=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=-1\left(KTM\right)\\x=5\end{cases}}}\)
d) \(x^4-2x^3+10x^2-20x=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x^3-2x^2+10x-20\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left[x^2.\left(x-2\right)+10.\left(x-2\right)\right]=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+10=0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-2=0\\x^2+10=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\\x^2=-10\left(KTM\right)\end{cases}}}\)
\(a,ax+by+ay+bx=\left(ax+ay\right)+\left(by+bx\right)=a\left(x+y\right)+b\left(x+y\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(b,x^2y+xy+x+1=xy\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=\left(xy+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(c,x^2-ax-bx+ab=x\left(x-a\right)-b\left(x-a\right)=\left(x-b\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
\(d,x^2y+xy^2-x-y=xy\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(xy-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(e,a\left(x^2+y\right)-b\left(x^2+y\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x^2+y\right)\)
\(f,x\left(a-2\right)-a\left(a-2\right)=\left(x-a\right)\left(a-2\right)\)
a) x2 - y2 + 4x + 4
= ( x2 + 4x + 4 ) - y2
= ( x + 2 )2 - y2
= ( x + 2 - y )( x + 2 + y )
b) x2 - 2xy + y2 - 1
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 1
= ( x - y )2 - 12
= ( x - y - 1 )( x - y + 1 )
c) x2 - 2xy + y2 - 4
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 4
= ( x - y )2 - 22
= ( x - y - 2 )( x - y + 2 )
d) x2 - 2xy + y2 - z2
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - z2
= ( x - y )2 - z2
= ( x - y - z )( x - y + z )
e) 25 - x2 + 4xy - 4y2
= 25 - ( x2 - 4xy + 4y2 )
= 52 - ( x - 2y )2
= ( 5 - x + 2y )( 5 + x - 2y )
f) x2 + y2 - 2xy - 4z2
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 4z2
= ( x - y )2 - ( 2z )2
= ( x - y - 2z )( x - y + 2z )