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1) Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
2) Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=q\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bq\\c=dq\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bq+b}{dq+d}\right)^2=\left[\dfrac{b\left(q+1\right)}{d\left(q+1\right)}\right]^2=\dfrac{b}{d}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bq\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dq\right)^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2.q^2+b^2}{d^2.q^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(q^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(q^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{b}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{3x-2y}{4}=\dfrac{2z-4x}{3}=\dfrac{4y-3z}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{12x-8y}{16}=\dfrac{6z-12x}{9}=\dfrac{8y-6z}{4}\)
Theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, có:
\(\dfrac{12x-8y}{16}=\dfrac{6z-12x}{9}=\dfrac{8y-6z}{4}=\dfrac{12x-8x+6z-12x+8y-6z}{16+9+4}=\dfrac{0}{29}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12x=8y\\6z=12x\\8y=6z\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{12}\\\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{z}{12}\\\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}\\\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{z}{4}\\\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Kết luận ...
\(A=\dfrac{\left(-2\right)^0+1^{2017}+\left(\dfrac{-1}{3}\right)^8.3^8}{2^{15}}=\dfrac{3}{2^{15}}\left(1\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{6^2}{2^{16}}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2^{15}}}{\dfrac{6^2}{2^{16}}}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
a/b=b/c=c/d=a+b+c/b+c+d=a mu 3+bmu 3+c mu 3/b mu 3+c mu 3+d mu 3=a/d
Ta có : \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
=> \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3\)=\(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)(1)
mà \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3\)= \(\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a}{d}\)(2)
Từ (1);(2)=> \(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)=\(\dfrac{a}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
b+c+d/a=c+d+a/b=d+a+b/c=a+b+c/d=3(a+b+c+d)/a+b+c+d=3
suy ra k=3
taco:\(\dfrac{b+c+d}{a}=\dfrac{c+d+a}{b}+\dfrac{d+a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{d}=k\)=>\(\dfrac{b+c+d}{a}+1=\dfrac{c+d+a}{b}+1=\dfrac{a+b+d}{c}+1=\dfrac{a+b+c}{d}+1=k+1\)=>\(\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{d}=k+1=\dfrac{a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=\dfrac{4.\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=4\)
=>k+1=4
=>k=3
3a)Vì A là số nguyên
=>\(3n+9⋮n-4=>3n-12+21⋮n-4=>3.\left(n-4\right)+21⋮n-4\)
Mà \(\text{3 . (n - 4)}⋮n-4\)
=>\(21⋮n-4=>n-4\inƯ\left(21\right)=\left\{-21;-7;-3;-1;1;3;7;21\right\}\)
(Vì n là số nguyên => n - 4 là 1 số nguyên)
=>\(n\in\left\{-17;-3;1;3;5;9;11;25\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
| n | -17 | -3 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 11 | 25 |
| 3n + 9 | -42 | 0 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 36 | 42 | 84 |
| n - 4 | -21 | -7 | -3 | -1 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 21 |
| \(A=\dfrac{3n+9}{n-4}\) | 2 | 0 | -4 | -18 | 24 | 12 | 6 | 4 |
Vậy.....
b)Vì B là số nguyên
=>\(2n-1⋮n+5=>2n+10-11⋮n+5=>2\left(n+5\right)-11⋮n+5\)
Mà \(\text{2 ( n + 5)}⋮n+5\)
=>\(11⋮n+5=>n+5\in\left\{-11;-1;1;11\right\}\)
(Vì n là số nguyên=> n + 5 là số nguyên)
=> \(n\in\left\{-16;-6;-4;6\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
| n | -16 | -6 | -4 | 6 |
| 2 n - 1 | -33 | -13 | -9 | 11 |
| n + 5 | -11 | -1 | 1 | 11 |
| \(B=\dfrac{2n-1}{n+5}\) | 3 | 13 | -9 |
1 |
Vậy.......
\(\left|x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{1}{6}\right|=4x\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right|\ge0\\\left|x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right|\ge0\\\left|x+\dfrac{1}{6}\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{1}{6}\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow4x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{2}+x+\dfrac{1}{3}+x+\dfrac{1}{6}=4x\)
\(\Rightarrow3x+1=4x\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
Với mọi giá trị của \(x\in R\) ta có:
\(\left|x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{1}{6}\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow4x\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}>0\\x+\dfrac{1}{3}>0\\x+\dfrac{1}{6}>0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right|=x+\dfrac{1}{2}\\\left|x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=x+\dfrac{1}{3}\\\left|x+\dfrac{1}{6}\right|=x+\dfrac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào ta được:
\(x+\dfrac{1}{2}+x+\dfrac{1}{3}+x+\dfrac{1}{6}=4x\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{6}=1\)
Vậy...................
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
\(\dfrac{5}{17}+\dfrac{-4}{9}+\dfrac{-20}{31}+\dfrac{12}{12}+\dfrac{-11}{31}\)