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1. Although he often tells lies, the headmaster believes him.
=> In spite of telling lies, the headmaster believes him.
2. In spite of her dislike for coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm. => Although she doesn't like coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.
3. He couldn't earn enough money for living although he worked hard. => Despite his working hard, Hhe couldn't earn enough money for living.
4. Although Jane wrote for the tickets, she still had to stand in line.
=> In spite of writing for the tickets, Jane still had to stand in line.
5. We get a good room though we didn't phone the hotel.
=> Despite not phoning the hotel, we get a good room.
6. She was admitted to the university in spite of her low grades.
=> Although her grades were low, she was admitted to the university
7. Despite the terrible food, he still eats in that restaurant.
=> Although the food is terrible, he still eats in that restaurant.
8. We did the test well though it was difficult.
=> In spite of the difficult test, we did it well.
9. The flight was not delayed though it was foggy.
=> Despite the fog, the flight was not delayed.
10. Although he is talented, no one likes him.
=> In spite of being talented, no one likes him.
1.Tom hasn't had his hair cut for five months => The last time Tom had his hair cut was five months ago.
2.after walking for three hours we reached the stop of the hill => After we had walked for three hours we reached the top.
3.i and Dave tried to ring each other at the same time => While ringing to each other, Dave and I tried to do at the same time.
4.during his test at school mobile phone rang => When doing his test at school the moblie phone rang.
5. Mary made a sandwich and then sat on sofa to wacth tv=> Before sitiing on the sofa to watch T.V, Mary made a sandwich.
6.Dave did his homework and then went to bed=> After having done his homework, Dave went to bed.
7.as soon as he approached the house the policement stopped him => No sooner had he approached the house when the policeman stopped him.
8.she hadly begun to speak before people started interrupting her=> Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting her
9.Mai hasn't gone to the cinema with her friends for one years => Mai last went to the cinema with her friends one year ago.
10.In the middle of their sleep the fire broke out => When they were sleeping, the fire broke out.
1. Because they are/ Being vegetarians, they dont eat meat
2.Having seen the photographs of the places, i had no desire to go there
3.No having money, we stayed at home
4.Having drunk too much, He did not drive home himsefl
5.Seeing a snake on road, Mary screamed
6.Having spent all his money, Tom went home and asked father for a job
7.Not having visited HL bay before, Susan want to take a trip to there
8.Having heard the story before, she didnot want to hear it again
9.Seeing the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road
10.Not having a credit card, I found it difficult to book an airline ticket over the phone
Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words in parentheses
1. His life is very hard. He determined to study well. (as)
=> Hard as his life is, he determined to study well.
2. He was innocent, but he was sent to prison. (as)
=> Innocent as he was, he was sent to prison.
3. He is very intelligent, but he can't do this sum. (much as)
=> Much as he is intelligent, he can't do this sum.
4. The traffic was bad. I arrived at the airport on time. (as)
=> Bad as the traffic was, I arrived at the airport on time.
5. I didn't get the job. I had all necessary qualifications. (though)
=> I didn't get a job though I had all the necessary qualifications.
6. We enjoyed the vacation. It rained a lot. (much as)
=> Much as it rained a lot of, we enjoyed the vacation.
7. He is very rich. He isn't happy. (as)
=> Rich as he is, he isn't happy.
8. He tried very hard. he was not successful. (however : cho dù như thế nào + adj/adv + clause)
=> However hard he tried, he was not successful.
9. He is very rich, he never helps the needed. (however)
=> However rich he is, he never helps the needed.
10. You are anyone, I still love you. (no matter who)
=> No matter who you are, I still love you.
11. She says anything, I don't beliver her. (whatever/no matter what)
=> Whatever she says, I don't beliver her.
E1
1. Before I passed the exam, I had worked very hard for it
2. After I had considered what to study, I decided to major in maths
3. After she had written a letter, she went to bed
4. After he had checked the price, he bought a radio
5. After they had argued, they fought
6. Before she had a fatal accident, she had gone out for a walk
7. After she had faced the matter, she decided to go away
8. Before we wrote the assignment, we had read the book
9. After she had watched the film, she wrote a report
Hành động xảy ra trước một hành động trong quá khứ -> S + HAD + V phân từ II
E2
1. Swimming every day is a good way of keeping fit.
2. Learning a foreign language takes a long time
3. Growing your own food is less expensive
4. Sitting in one place for so long is uncomfortable
5. Smoking is not allowed here
Chủ ngữ là một danh động từ (gerund) -> ĐỘNG TỪ Ở HIỆN TẠI CHIA SỐ ÍT
E1
1. Before I passed the exam, I had worked very hard for it
2. After I had considered what to study, I decided to major in maths
3. After she had written a letter, she went to bed
4. After he had checked the price, he bought a radio
5. After they had argued, they fought
6. Before she had a fatal accident, she had gone out for a walk
7. After she had faced the matter, she decided to go away
8. Before we wrote the assignment, we had read the book
9. After she had watched the film, she wrote a report
Hành động xảy ra trước một hành động trong quá khứ -> S + HAD + V phân từ II
E2
1. Swimming every day is a good way of keeping fit.
2. Learning a foreign language takes a long time
3. Growing your own food is less expensive
4. Sitting in one place for so long is uncomfortable
5. Smoking is not allowed here
Chủ ngữ là một danh động từ (gerund) -> ĐỘNG TỪ Ở HIỆN TẠI CHIA SỐ ÍT
1. The United States consists of fifty states. Each of them has its own government -> The United States consists of fifty states, each of which has its own government
2. I saw a lot of new people at the party. Some of them seemed familia -> I saw a lot of new people at the party, some of whom seemed familiar
3. The concert was boring. I listened to it last weekend -> The concert which/that I listened to last weekend was boring
4. I like the village. I used to live in it. -> I like the village which I used to live in
5. The little girl has gone. I borrowed this pen from her. -> The litte girl whom I borrowed this pen from has gone
6. The knife is very sharp. We cut breat with it. -> The knife which we cut bread with is very sharp
7. The speech was great. We listened to it last night. -> The speech which we listened to last night was great
8. That's the woman. Jim used to be married to her. -> That's the woman whom Jim used to be married to
9. The boy is poor. I lent my money to him. -> The boy whom I lent my money to is poor
Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa
1This is the first time he went abroad.
-> He hasn't gone abroad before.
2.She started driving 1 month ago.
-> She has been driving for 1 month.
3.We began eating when it started to rain.
-> We have been eating since it stated to rain.
4.I last had my hari cut when I left her.
-> I haven't had my hair cut since I left her.
5.The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.
-> She hasn't kissed me for 5 months.
6.It is a long time since we last met
-> We haven't met each other for a long time.
7.When did you hve it?
-> How long have you had it?
8.This is the first time I had such a delicious meal.
-> I haven't had such a delicious meal before.
9.I haven't seen him for 8 days
-> The last time I saw him was 8 days ago.
10.I haven't taken a bath since Monday
-> It is 4 days since I took a bath.
1. Jack left the office before i arrived
-> When I arived the office, Jack had left
2.During lunch, someone rang the bell
-> While i was having lunch, someone rang the bell.
3. I haven't been to the dentist for 6 months
-> The last time I went to the dentist was 6 months ago.
4. She has studied Japanese for 5 years
-> She began studying Japanese for 5 years.
5. She did all his work and then went to home
-> After doing all his work, he went to home.
6. Steven bought a new motorbike, but first he saved enough money
-> Before buying a new motorbike, Steven saved enough money.
7. The guests left and then we tidied the house
-> When we tidied the house, the guests had left.
8. I haven't heard fro them for ages
-> It 's ages since I last heard from them.
1. They made the girl take her medicine
---> The girl was made to take her medicine.
2. the earthquake destroyed everything two years ago . ( cleft sentence )
---> It has been two years since the earthquake destroyed everything.
3. David had gone home before we arrived
---> After David had gone home, we arrived.
4. I like horror films ; they frighten me though
---> Even though horror films frighten me, I like them.
5. Micheal drives faster than Anthony .
----> Anthony drives more slowly than Micheal.
6. The man gave her the book ( passive cleft sentence )
---> It was the man that gave her the book.
7. Although he runs very fast , he isn't tired
----> Despite running very fast, he isn't tired.
8. The light had gone out before we got out the office .
---> When we got out the office, the light had gone out .
9. Anne dosen't speak Chinese as well as john .
---> Peter speak Chinese better than Anne.
10. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops
---> Before we took a look around the shops, we had lunch.