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Bài 3:
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{2}{x^2+y^2}=2\left(\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)\) \(\geq 2.\frac{(1+1)^2}{2xy+x^2+y^2}=\frac{8}{(x+y)^2}=8\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{1}{2xy}+\left (\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)\geq \frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{(1+1)^2}{2xy+x^2+y^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{4}{(x+y)^2}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM:
\(xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2xy}\geq 2\)
Do đó \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\geq 2+4=6\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1: Thiếu đề.
Bài 2: Sai đề, thử với \(x=\frac{1}{6}\)
Bài 4 a) Sai đề với \(x<0\)
b) Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(x^4-x+\frac{1}{2}=\left (x^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)-x+\frac{1}{4}\geq x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}=(x-\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^4=\frac{1}{4}\\ x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (vô lý)
Do đó dấu bằng không xảy ra , nên \(x^4-x+\frac{1}{2}>0\)
Bài 6: Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho $6$ số:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\geq 6\sqrt[6]{a^3b^3c^3d^3}=6\)
Do đó ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)
5) a) Đặt b+c-a=x;a+c-b=y;a+b-c=z thì 2a=y+z;2b=x+z;2c=x+y
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b-c}=\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}+\dfrac{x+y}{z}=\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\ge6\)
Vậy ta suy ra đpcm
b) Ta có: a+b>c;b+c>a;a+c>b
Xét: \(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+b+a+b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
.Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{b+c};\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
6) Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge2ab+2cd+ab+cd=3\left(ab+cd\right)\)
\(ab+cd=ab+\dfrac{1}{ab}\ge2\)
Suy ra đpcm
a: \(=\dfrac{4a^2-3a+5}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(2a-1\right)\left(a-1\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}-\dfrac{6a^2+6a+1}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4a^2-3a+5+2a^2-3a+1-6a^2-6a-6}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-12a}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{5}{a+1}+\dfrac{10}{a^2-a+1}-\dfrac{15}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{5a^2-5a+5+10a+10-15}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{5a^2+5a}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)}=\dfrac{5a}{a^2-a+1}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-4xy+2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2-1}{x+1}\)
\(=x^2+x+1-x+1=x^2+2\)
a) \(\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{2x-1}-\dfrac{2x-1}{2x+1}\right):\dfrac{4x}{10x-5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{2x^2-1}-\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}{2x^2-1}\right):\dfrac{4x}{10x-5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2}{2x^2-1}\right):\dfrac{4x}{10x-5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(2x+1-2x-1\right)\left(2x+1+2x-1\right)}{2x^2-1}\right):\dfrac{4x}{10x-5}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x}{2x^2-1}.\dfrac{5\left(2x-1\right)}{4x}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{2x+1}\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+1}-\dfrac{2-x}{x+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+1}-\dfrac{x\left(2-x\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1-2x+x^2}{x^2+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1-2x+x^2}{x^2+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{x^2}{x}-\dfrac{2x}{x}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1-2x+x^2}{x^2+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{x^2-2x+1}{x}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+1}.\dfrac{x}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{x^2+1}\)
c) d) Tự làm đi mình làm biếng quass >.< ^^
a: \(=\dfrac{4x^2+4x+1-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5\left(2x-1\right)}{4x}\)
\(=\dfrac{8x}{2x+1}\cdot\dfrac{5}{4x}=\dfrac{10}{2x+1}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2+1}\cdot\left(\dfrac{x+1-x+1}{\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x}{x^2+1}\cdot\dfrac{2}{\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+1-2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2+1}\)
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
b: \(=\dfrac{x-1+x+1-3x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{-x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{x^3+1}{x+1}+\dfrac{x^2+1}{x-1}\)
\(=x^2-x+1+\dfrac{x^2+1}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-x^2-x^2+x+x-1+x^2+1}{\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-x^2+2x}{x-1}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{2x+y}{x\left(2x-y\right)}-\dfrac{16x}{\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2x-y}{x\left(2x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x^2+4xy+y^2-16x^2+4x^2-4xy+y^2}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-8x^2+2y^2}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}=\dfrac{-2\left(4x^2-y^2\right)}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{x}\)
3.
\(A=\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2+2}=\dfrac{x^2+2-x^2+2x-1}{x^2+2}=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2\right)-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)}{x^2+2}=1-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\ge0\forall x\in R\)
⇒ \(A=1-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\le1\)
Vậy: \(Max_A=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
* \(A=\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2+2}=\dfrac{2\left(2x+1\right)}{2\left(x^2+2\right)}=\dfrac{4x+2}{2\left(x^2+2\right)}=\dfrac{-x^2-2+x^2+4x+4}{2\left(x^2+2\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{x^2+2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{x^2+2}\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(Min_A=-\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
* \(B=\dfrac{4x+3}{x^2+1}\) ( 1 cách khác)
\(\Rightarrow B\left(x^2+1\right)=4x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow Bx^2-4x+B-3=0\) (1) \(\left(a=B;b=-4,c=B-3\right)\)
* Với B = 0, pt (1) có nghiệm x = \(-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
* Với B ≠ 0, pt (1) có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi:
\(\Delta=b^2-4ac\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(-4\right)^2-4.B.\left(B-3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow16-4B^2+12B\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(B-4\right)\left(B+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le B\le4\)
Suy ra: \(Min_B=-1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-b}{2a}=\dfrac{4}{2.\left(-1\right)}=-2\)
\(Max_B=4\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-b}{2a}=\dfrac{4}{2.4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+\dfrac{2}{ab}+\dfrac{2}{ac}+\dfrac{2}{bc}=4\)
<=>\(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\) +\(2\left(\dfrac{c}{abc}+\dfrac{b}{abc}+\dfrac{a}{abc}\right)=4\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)=4\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{abc}{abc}\right)=4\) (vì a+b+c =abc)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}=2\left(đpcm\right)\)