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a/ \(A=\dfrac{6}{5.8}+\dfrac{22}{8.19}+\dfrac{24}{19.31}+\dfrac{198}{101.200}\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{3}{5.8}+\dfrac{11}{8.19}+\dfrac{12}{19.31}+...+\dfrac{99}{101.200}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{19}+....+\dfrac{1}{101}-\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{39}{100}\)
b/ \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
...........
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+....+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+.....+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(\dfrac{5}{x} - \dfrac{y}{3} =\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{5}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{2y}{6}=\dfrac{5}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{2y}{6}=\dfrac{5}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\left(1+2y\right)=30\)
Vì \(2y\) chẵn nên \(1+2y\) lẻ
\(\Rightarrow1+2y\in\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm5;\pm30\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{\pm10;\pm30;\pm6;\pm2\right\}\)
Bài 2:
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.8}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-2\right).2n}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{2.4}+\dfrac{2}{4.6}+\dfrac{2}{6.8}+...+\dfrac{2}{\left(2n-2\right).2n}\right).\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{12}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-2}-\dfrac{1}{2n}\right).\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2n}\right).\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2n.2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{8^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
`Answer:`
1. \(S=\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{80}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{61}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\left(\frac{1}{60}+\frac{1}{60}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{80}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S>20.\frac{1}{60}+20.\frac{1}{80}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{7}{12}\)
2. \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2009^2}\)
Ta có:
\(2^2< 1.2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(3^2< 2.3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
\(4^2< 3.4\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}\)
...
\(2009^2< 2008.2009\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2009^2}< \frac{1}{2008.2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2008.2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2008}-\frac{1}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1-\frac{1}{2009}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
3. \(\frac{3}{5.8}+\frac{11}{8.19}+\frac{12}{19.31}+\frac{70}{31.101}+\frac{99}{101.200}\)
\(=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{19}-\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{31}-\frac{1}{101}+\frac{1}{101}-\frac{1}{200}\)
\(=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{200}\)
\(=\frac{39}{200}\)