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a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}+n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{56}{22,4}=2,5\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,5.22,4}{33,6}.100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}\approx66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}+\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=3,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=3,5.32=112\left(g\right)\)
ta có :
nBr2=\(\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
C2H4+Br2->C2H4Br2
0,1------0,1
=>VC2H4=0,1.22,4=2,24l
=>VCH4=3,36l->n CH4=0,15 mol
->%VC2H4=\(\dfrac{2,24}{5,6}.100\)=40%
=>%VCH4=60%
c)
CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
0,15---------------0,15
C2H4+3O2--to>2CO2+2H2O
0,1--------------------0,2
=>m CaCO3=0,35.100=35g
Tính % thể tích các khí :
% V C 2 H 2 = 0,448/0,896 x 100% = 50%
% V CH 4 = % V C 2 H 6 = 25%
\(\begin{array} {l} n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{160}=0,26(mol)\\ \text{Đặt }n_{C_2H_4}=x(mol);n_{C_2H_2}=y(mol)\\ \to x+y=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(1)\\ C_2H_4+Br_2\to C_2H_4Br_2\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\to C_2H_2Br_4\\ \text{Theo PT: }x+2y=n_{Br_2}=0,26(2)\\ (1)(2)\to\begin{cases} x=0,14\\ y=0,06 \end{cases} \\ \to \begin{cases} \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}.100\%=70\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=100-70=30\% \end{cases} \end{array}\)
\(\begin{array} {l} n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{160}=0,26(mol)\\ \text{Đặt }n_{C_2H_4}=x(mol);n_{C_2H_2}=y(mol)\\ \to x+y=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(1)\\ C_2H_4+Br_2\to C_2H_4Br_2\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\to C_2H_2Br_4\\ \text{Theo PT: }x+2y=n_{Br_2}=0,26(2)\\ (1)(2)\to\begin{cases} x=0,14\\ y=0,06 \end{cases} \\ \to \begin{cases} \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}.100\%=70\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=100-70=30\% \end{cases} \end{array}\)
a, PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}+n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=2n_{CH_4}+n_{H_2}=\dfrac{16,2}{18}=0,9\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,4.22,4}{11,2}.100\%=80\%\\\%V_{H_2}=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{28,4}{142}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 --to--> 2P2O5
0,4<--------------0,2
S + O2 --to--> SO2
0,25<----------0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_P=\dfrac{0,4.31}{0,4.31+0,25.32}.100\%=60,78\%\\\%m_S=\dfrac{0,25.32}{0,4.31+0,25.32}.100\%=39,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_2}=x\\n_{CH_4}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,25\\26x+16y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,25}.100=60\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-60\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)