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Với 3 mol hỗn hợp khí có : 1.5 (mol) H2 , 0.5 (mol) N2 và 1 (mol) CO2
\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{1.5\cdot2+0.5\cdot28+1\cdot44}{3}=20.33\left(g\text{/}mol\right)\)
\(a.\)
\(GS:\)
\(n_{hh}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{N_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CO_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=1\left(1\right)\)
\(m_A=28a+44b=18\cdot2=36\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):\)
\(a=b=0.5\)
\(\%m_{N_2}=\dfrac{0.5\cdot28}{0.5\cdot28+0.5\cdot44}\cdot100\%=38.89\%\)
\(\%m_{CO_2}=61.11\%\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{n_{N_2}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=\dfrac{1}{1}\)
\(n_{N_2}=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_A=\dfrac{0.2}{2}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{CO_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot28+0.1\cdot44+44x}{0.2+x}=20\cdot2=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0.2\)
\(m_{CO_2\left(cầnthêm\right)}=0.2\cdot44=8.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_Y=a+b=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(m_Y=71a+32b=12.8\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=\dfrac{8}{65},b=\dfrac{33}{260}\)
a) \(\overline{M}_A=5,875.2=11,75\left(g/mol\right)\)
b) Gọi số mol N2, H2 là a, b (mol)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{28a+2b}{a+b}=11,75\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> 16,25a = 9,75b
=> a = 0,6b
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%n_{N_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{0,6b}{0,6b+b}.100\%=37,5\%\\\%n_{H_2}=\dfrac{b}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{b}{0,6b+b}.100\%=62,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
1 mol hỗn hợp A chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{N_2}=\dfrac{1.37,5}{100}=0,375\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.62,5}{100}=0,625\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\overline{M}_B=\dfrac{0,375.28+0,625.2+17x}{1+x}=6,4.2=12,8\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> x = 0,25 (mol)
Hỗn hợp khí gồm 3,2 gam oxi và 8,8 gam cacbonic.
\(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3,2}{32} = 0,1(mol)\\ n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{8,8}{44} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{hỗn\ hợp} = 0,1 + 0,2 = 0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \overline{M_{hh}} = \dfrac{3,2 + 8,8}{0,3} = 40(g/mol)\)
nO2=3,2/32=0,1(mol)
nCO2=8,8/44=0,2(mol)
→M=3,2+8,8/0,1+0,2=40(g/mol)
\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=1.30\%=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=1.20\%=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_T=1-0,3-0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,m_{O_2}=0,3.32=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(c,m_{hh}=\dfrac{9,6}{49,48\%}=19,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{CO_2}=0,2.44=8,8\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow m_T=19,4-9,6-8,8=1\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow M_T=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\\ \rightarrow T:H_2\)
a. %V (ở cùng điều kiện) cũng là %n
\(Tacó:\%V_T=100-30-20=50\%\\ Trong1molhỗnhợp:\\ n_{O_2}=1.30\%=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=1.20\%=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_T=1.50\%=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ b.m_{O_2}=0,3.32=9,6\left(g\right)\\ c.\%m_{O_2}tronghỗnhợplà49,48\%\\ Trong1molhỗnhợp:m_{hh}=\dfrac{9,6}{49,48\%}=19,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{CO_2}=0,2.44=8,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_T=19,4-9,6-8,8=1\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_T=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2\\ \Rightarrow TlàH_2\)
\(n_{NO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{30}{30}=1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{4,4}{2}=2,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{hh}=1+2,2=3,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy :
3,2 mol hỗn hợp khí nặng 30 + 4,4 = 30,4(gam)
Suy ra 1 mol hỗn hợp khí nặng $\dfrac{30,4}{3,2} = 9,5(gam)$