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pt 2CH3COOH+Mg→(CH3COO)2Mg +H2
n(CH3COO)2Mg =1,42/142=0,1 mol
theo pt nCH3COOH =2n(CH3COO)2Mg =0,2 mol
suy ra CM=0,2 /0,5=0.4 mol/l
theo pt nH2 =n(CH3COO)2Mg =0,1 mol
suy ra VH2 =2,24l
KOH+CH3COOH->CH3COOK+H2O
0,2------0,2
=>VKOH=\(\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}\)=0,4l=400ml
Bài 11:
\(PTHH:2A+Cl_2\rightarrow2ACl\\TheoĐLBTKL:\\ m_A+m_{Cl_2}=m_{ACl}\\ \Leftrightarrow 9,2+m_{Cl_2}=23,4\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cl_2}=23,4-9,2=14,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{14,2}{71}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ M_A=\dfrac{9,2}{0,4}=23\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(I\right):Natri\left(Na=23\right)\)
nSO3=8/80=0,1(mol)
pthh: SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4
nH2SO4=nSO3=0,1(mol) => mH2SO4(tạo sau)= 0,1.98=9,8(g)
mH2SO4(tổng)= 100.9,8% + 9,8=19,6(g)
mddH2SO4(sau)=8+100=108(g)
=>C%ddH2SO4(sau)= (19,6/108).100=18,148%
Câu 92:
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ ZnO+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5(g)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{14,6}.100\%\approx44,52\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{ZnO}=100\%-44,52\%=55,48\%\\ b,m_{ZnO}=14,6-6,5=8,1(g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8(mol)\)
Câu 93:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,75.56=42(g)\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,75}{0,25}=3M\\ c,n_{FeSO_4}=0,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{FeSO_4}}=0,75.152=114(g)\\ V_{dd_{FeSO_4}}=V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=250(ml)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{FeSO_4}}=250.1,1=275(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{114}{275}.100\%\approx41,45\%\)
\(d,m_{FeSO_4.5H_2O}=242.0,75=181,5(g)\)
2) nH2=0,1(mol)
a) PTHH: Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
0,1______0,2______0,1____0,1(mol)
nFe=nH2=0,1(mol)
=>mFe=nFe.M(Fe)=0,1.56=5,6(g)
=> mFeO=mX-mFe= 9,2-5,6=3,6(g)
=> nFeO=mFeO/M(FeO)=3,6/72=0,05(mol)
PTHH: FeO +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
0,05_________0,1___0,05__0,05(mol)
b) Sao lại mỗi oxit a, có một oxit thôi mà :( Chắc % KL mỗi chất.
%mFeO=(mFeO/mhh).100%=(3,6/9,2).100=39,13%
=>%mFe=100%-%mFeO=100%-39,13%=60,87%
c) nHCl(tổng)= 2.nFe +2.nFeO=2.0,1+2.0,05=0,3(mol)
=>mHCl=nHCl.M(HCl)=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)
=>mddHCl=(mHCl.100%/C%ddHCl=(10,95.100)/7,3=150(g)
d) - Dung dich thu được chứa FeCl2.
mFeCl2=nFeCl2(tổng) . M(FeCl2)= (0,1+0,05).127=19,05(g)
mddFeCl2=mddHCl+mhh-mH2=150+9,2-0,1.2=159(g)
=> C%ddFeCl2=(mFeCl2/mddFeCl2).100%=(19,05/159).100=11,981%
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{1,62}{81}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=109,5.10\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,02 0,3 0,02
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,02}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) ⇒ ZnO hết, HCl dư
mdd sau pứ = 1,62+109,5 = 111,12 (g)
\(C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02.136.100\%}{111,12}=2,45\%\)
\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,04\right).36,5.100\%}{111,12}=8,54\%\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{1,62}{81}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=109,5.10\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,02 0,04 0,02 0,02
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,02}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\) ⇒ ZnO hết, HCl dư
mdd sau pứ = 1,62+109,5-0,02.2 = 111,08 (g)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02.136.100\%}{111,08}=2,45\%\)
\(C\%_{HCldư}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,04\right).36,5.100\%}{111,08}=8,54\%\)
em đọc nhầm cái số :D
Bài 2:
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05(mol)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg}=24.0,05=1,2(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgO}=9,2-1,2=8(g) b,\%_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,2}{9,2}.100\%=13,04\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{MgO}=100\%-13,04\%=86,96\%\\ c,n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{18,25}{14,6\%}=125(g)\)