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\(a)C_6H_6 + 3Cl_2 \to C_6H_6Cl_6\\ n_{Cl_2}= \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ n_{C_6H_6} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{0,1}{3}(mol)\\ m_{C_6H_6} = \dfrac{0,1}{3}.78 = 26(gam)\\ b) n_{C_6H_6Cl_6} = n_{C_6H_6} = \dfrac{0,1}{3}(mol)\\ m_{C_6H_6Cl_6} = \dfrac{0,1}{3}.291 = 97(gam)\)
Câu 3:
a)
CTPT xủa X là CnH2n+2O
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{C_nH_{2n+2}O}=\dfrac{0,4}{n}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,4}{n}.\left(2n+2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{0,4}{n}\left(n+1\right)\left(mol\right)\)
Mà \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{9}{18}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> n = 4
=> CTPT: C4H10O
b) \(n_{C_4H_{10}O}=\dfrac{0,4}{4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> m = 0,1.74 = 7,4 (g)
c)
(1) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2OH\)
(2) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH\left(OH\right)-CH_3\)
(3) \(CH_3-C\left(CH_3\right)\left(OH\right)-CH_3\)
(4) \(CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_2OH\)
(5) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_3\)
(6) \(CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-O-CH_3\)
(7) \(CH_3-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_3\)
d)
X là \(CH_3-C\left(CH_3\right)\left(OH\right)-CH_3\) (2-metylpropan-2-ol)
\(n_{HCl}=0,1.0,2=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.0,1=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}+2.n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ V_{\text{dd}NaOH}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,5}=0,08\left(l\right)\\ \Rightarrow Ch\text{ọn}.A\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 --to--> 2P2O5
P2O5 + 3H2O --> 2H3PO4
=> mH3PO4 = 0,1.98 = 9,8(g)