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Câu 7:
a, \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10}.100\%=56\%\\\%m_{CuO}=44\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{10-0,1.56}{80}=0,055\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}+n_{CuO}=0,155\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,155.98}{100}.100\%=15,19\%\)
d, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,055\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuSO_4}=0,055.160=8,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 8:
a, \(CuCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuCO_3}=\dfrac{0,15.124}{20}.100\%=93\%\\\%m_{CuCl_2}=7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\Rightarrow m_C=3,6g\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{7,2}{18}=0,4mol\Rightarrow n_H=0,4\cdot2=0,8\Rightarrow m_H=0,8g\)
Nhận thấy: \(m_C+m_H=4,4=m_A\)
\(\Rightarrow A\) chỉ chứa hai nguyên tố C và H.
Gọi CTHH là \(C_xH_y\).
\(\Rightarrow x:y=n_C:n_H=0,3:0,8=3:8\)
\(\Rightarrow C_3H_8\)
Gọi CTĐGN là \(\left(C_3H_8\right)_n\)
Mà \(M=44\)g/mol\(\Rightarrow44n=44\Rightarrow n=1\)
Vậy CTPT là \(C_3H_8\)
A không làm mất màu dung dịch brom.
Bài 11:
\(PTHH:2A+Cl_2\rightarrow2ACl\\TheoĐLBTKL:\\ m_A+m_{Cl_2}=m_{ACl}\\ \Leftrightarrow 9,2+m_{Cl_2}=23,4\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cl_2}=23,4-9,2=14,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{14,2}{71}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ M_A=\dfrac{9,2}{0,4}=23\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(I\right):Natri\left(Na=23\right)\)
a) CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O (1)
ZnO + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O (2)
b) Gọi số mol CuO, ZnO lần lượt là x, y
mhh = mCuO + mZnO → 80x + 81y = 12,1 (*)
nHCl = 0,1 . 3 = 0,3 mol
Theo (1): nHCl (1) = 2nCuO = 2x
Theo (2): nHCl (2) = 2nZnO = 2y
nHCl = 2x + 2y = 0,3 (**)
Từ (*) và (**) → x = 0,05; y = 0,1
%mCuO=0,05.8012,1.100%=33,06%%mZnO=100%−33,06%=66,94%%mCuO=0,05.8012,1.100%=33,06%%mZnO=100%−33,06%=66,94%
c) CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O
0,05 → 0,05
ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O
0,1 → 0,1
nH2SO4 = 0,05 + 0,1 = 0,15 mol
mH2SO4 = 0,15 . 98 = 14,7g
mdd H2SO4 = 14,7 : 20% = 73,5(g)
cho mik xin 1 like zới đc khum:))
Bài 1:
(1) \(4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
(2) \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
(3) \(AlCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow3KCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
(4) \(Al\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
(5) \(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
(6) \(Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
(7) \(Al_2O_3+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+H_2O\)
(8) \(Al+NaOH+H_2O\rightarrow NaAlO_2+\dfrac{3}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
(9) \(2Al_2O_3\xrightarrow[criolit]{đpnc}4Al+3O_2\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
a_______a_______a_____a (mol)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
b_______b________b____b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=21,6\\a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot56}{21,6}\cdot100\%\approx77,78\%\\\%m_{Mg}=22,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{kết.tủa}=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}+m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3\cdot107+0,2\cdot56=43,3\left(g\right)\)
Theo các PTHH: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(p/ứ\right)}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(ban.đầu\right)}=0,5\cdot120\%=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot98}{10\%}=588\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{chất.rắn}=m_{MgO}+m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\cdot40+0,15\cdot160=32\left(g\right)\)
$2KOH + H_2SO_4 \to K_2SO_4+ 2H_2O$
$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$
$n_{KOH} = 2n_{H_2SO_4} + n_{HCl} = 0,3.0,1.2 + 0,3.0,2 = 0,12(mol)$
$V_{dd\ KOH} = \dfrac{0,12}{0,2} = 0,6(lít) = 600(ml)$
a) Ý trên: 2Fe+ 3Cl2→ 2FeCl3
FeCl3+3NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl
2Fe(OH)3 -> Fe2O3 + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Đúng rồi đó em.