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\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{40}{56\cdot2+16\cdot3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2-^{t^o}>2Fe+3H_2O\)
n(mol) 0,25->0,75-------->0,5---->0,75
\(m_{Fe}=n\cdot M=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,75\cdot22,4=16,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
a+b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\cdot160=32\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,6\cdot65=39\left(g\right)\)
a,
nFe = 22,4/56 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH
Fe2O3 + 3H2 ---to----) 2Fe + 3H2O (1)
theo phương trình (1) ,ta có:
nFe2O3 = 0,4 x 2 / 1 = 0,8 (mol)
mFe2O3 = 160 x 0,8 = 128 (g)
b,
theo pt (1)
nH2 = (0,4 x 3)/2 = 0,6 (mol)
=) VH2 = 0,6 x 22,4 = 13,44 (L)
c,
PTHH
Zn + H2SO4 -------------) ZnSO4 + H2 (2)
Số mol H2 cần dùng là 0,6 (mol)
Theo PT (2) :
nZn = nH2 ==) nZn = 0,6 x 65 = 39 (g)
a.b.\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m_{Fe_2O_3}}{M_{Fe_2O_3}}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 < 0,6 ( mol )
0,1 0,3 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2g\)
c.\(n_{H_2}=0,6-0,3=0,3mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_{CuO}=n_{CuO}.M_{CuO}=0,3.80=24g\)
PTHH: \(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}xFe+yH_2O\) (1)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_O=n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(n_{Fe}:n_O=x:y=0,02:0,03=2:3\)
\(\Rightarrow\) CTHH của oxit là Fe2O3
b) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{300\cdot7,3\%}{36,5}-2n_{H_2}=0,56\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=0,02\cdot56+300-0,02\cdot2=301,08\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02\cdot127}{301,08}\cdot100\%\approx0,84\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,56\cdot36,5}{301,08}\cdot100\%\approx6,79\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
n HCl = 300.7,3%/36,5 = 0,6(mol)
n H2 = 0,448/22,4 = 0,02(mol)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
n HCl > 2n H2 nên HCl dư
$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = 0,02(mol)$
$H_2 + O_{oxit} \to H_2O$
n O(oxit) = n H2 = 0,672/22,4 = 0,03(mol)
Ta có :
n Fe : n O =0,02 : 0,03 = 2 : 3
Vậy oxit là $Fe_2O_3$
b)
m dd = 0,02.56 + 300 -0,02.2 = 301,08(gam)
n HCl dư = 0,6 - 0,02.2 = 0,56(mol)
n FeCl2 = n Fe = 0,02(mol)
Vậy :
C% HCl = 0,56.36,5/301,08 .100% = 6,8%
C% FeCl2 = 0,02.127/301,08 .100% = 0,84%
\(CT:Fe_xO_y\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}xFe+yH_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{4.032}{22.4}=0.18\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.376}{22.4}=0.24\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot0.18=0.24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(CT:Fe_3O_4\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0.18}{3}\cdot232=13.92\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,1 0,3 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\rightarrow\) Fe dư
Theo pthh: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,15\right).56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
a.\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 0,3 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
b.\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
\(\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) > \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) ( mol )
0,15 0,1 ( mol )
Chất dư là Fe
\(m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,15\right).56=2,8g\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\rightarrow0,6\rightarrow0,4\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>0,2\rightarrow O_2.dư\\ n_{H_2\left(Pư\right)}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,6-0,4\right).2=0,4\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{t^o}xFe+yH_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,752}{22,4}=0,48\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{0,48}{y}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{27,84}{\dfrac{0,48}{y}}=58y\)
Ta thấy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) thì thỏa mãn đề bài
Vậy oxit sắt cần tìm là Fe3O4
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