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13 tháng 2 2022

1 v

2 What do they talk about => What are they talking about

3 Are you => Do you

4 tries => is trying

5 v

6 am thinking => think

7 v

8 going => go

9 v

10 study => am studying

11 are => have been

12 is raining => rained

13 v

14 been living => lived

15 v

Dịch bài này và nhớ không dùng Google dịch:I really love my neighborhood. It is a quiet, safe place with greatneighbors. In short, my neighborhood is nice to live in.My neighborhood is quiet. Even though it has the regular amoun of noise of any place, there are many peaceful moment.For example, after most people have gone to work, you can hardly hear any noise. Of course, when the kids get home, there is more noise; but, it is relatively quiet all day in my neighborhood. Also, I feel...
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Dịch bài này và nhớ không dùng Google dịch:

I really love my neighborhood. It is a quiet, safe place with great
neighbors. In short, my neighborhood is nice to live in.My neighborhood is quiet. Even though it has the regular amoun of noise of any place, there are many peaceful moment.For example, after most people have gone to work, you can hardly hear any noise. Of course, when the kids get home, there is more noise; but, it is relatively quiet all day in my neighborhood. Also, I feel safe in my neighborhood. The police drive around it everyday and the kids play outside with no problems. Since there is not much traffic, we don’t worry too much about cars Furthermore, I can walk around my neighborhood without being afraid of someone hurting me. All in all, my neighborhood is secure. My neighbors are really good people. They watch out for each other and this makes where I live extra nice. If anyone has a problem with their car or even something in their house, a neighbor is usually there to help. One day, I couldn't start my car, and my neighbor asked what was wrong. I explained that my car wouldn’t start, and he got my car going again. This is just one of the many examples of how my neighbors are the best people I know. In conclusion, my neighborhood is a great place to live. There isn’t a lot of noise, it is secure, and most of all, the neighbors are helpful. There is no place like home and that is my neighborhood.

3
1 tháng 12 2016

Tôi thực sự yêu thích khu phố của tôi. Nó là một nơi an toàn yên tĩnh với tuyệt vời
người hàng xóm. Tóm lại, khu phố của tôi là tốt đẹp để sống khu phố in.My là yên tĩnh. Mặc dù nó có amoun thường xuyên của tiếng ồn của bất kỳ nơi nào, có rất nhiều thanh bình dụ moment.For, sau khi hầu hết mọi người đã đi làm, bạn khó có thể nghe thấy bất kỳ tiếng ồn. Tất nhiên, khi những đứa trẻ về nhà, có nhiều tiếng ồn; nhưng, nó là tương đối yên tĩnh cả ngày trong khu phố của tôi. Ngoài ra, tôi cảm thấy an toàn trong khu phố của tôi. Các lái xe cảnh sát xung quanh nó hàng ngày và những đứa trẻ chơi bên ngoài không có vấn đề. Vì không có nhiều ý tưởng, chúng tôi không lo lắng quá nhiều về xe ô tô Hơn nữa, tôi có thể đi bộ xung quanh khu phố của tôi mà không sợ ai đó làm tổn thương tôi. Tất cả trong tất cả, hàng xóm của tôi là an toàn. Hàng xóm của tôi là những người thực sự tốt. Họ xem ra cho nhau và điều này làm cho nơi tôi sống thêm tốt đẹp. Nếu ai đã có một vấn đề với chiếc xe của họ hoặc thậm chí một cái gì đó trong ngôi nhà của họ, một người hàng xóm thường có để giúp đỡ. Một ngày, tôi không thể bắt đầu xe của tôi, và hàng xóm của tôi hỏi điều gì đã sai. Tôi giải thích rằng chiếc xe của tôi sẽ không bắt đầu, và ông đã nhận xe của tôi đi một lần nữa. Đây chỉ là một trong rất nhiều ví dụ về cách các nước láng giềng của tôi là những người tốt nhất mà tôi biết. Trong kết luận, hàng xóm của tôi là một nơi tuyệt vời để sống. Không có nhiều tiếng ồn, nó là an toàn, và hầu hết tất cả, những người hàng xóm là hữu ích. Không có nơi nào như nhà và đó là khu phố của tôi.
 

1 tháng 12 2016

Google dịch nguyen tung lam mk nói tự dịch màaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

You should call the police when you believe a crime is about to be committed or has been comitted. Cops would much rather hear from people BEFORE the crime than after the crime. For example, if you see a person you don't recognize as a neighbor, in your neighborhood looking into parked cars, call the cops. We would rather try to catch him and identify him before he steals the car, rather than have to chase him (endangering lives) after he steals it.You should also call the cops about disturbing...
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You should call the police when you believe a crime is about to be committed or has been comitted. Cops would much rather hear from people BEFORE the crime than after the crime. For example, if you see a person you don't recognize as a neighbor, in your neighborhood looking into parked cars, call the cops. We would rather try to catch him and identify him before he steals the car, rather than have to chase him (endangering lives) after he steals it.

You should also call the cops about disturbing choices people make that can effect your quality of life. If someone puts their stereo on so loud it bothers you, you should go ask him to turn it down, and if he doesn't then call the cops. If there is a loud party next door and they keep waking you up, call the cops to make them turn down the noise or break up the party. Call in if you have drug dealing or prostitution in your neighborhood. You should not have to put up with that crap.

There are many ways to get your local cops to help you, that is what they are there for, you dont necessarily have to call. If it is an ongoing problem a letter or email to the chief will usually get the ball going. Or you can wave down an officer and tell them what the problem is, they are public servants that work for the citizens. A lot of serious crimes have been solved because a citizen passed along information to an officer.

DICH GIUM VOI 

0
VIIL.Complete the questions with the verbs in the present simple.When(study)7 they (finish) school?2. What subjects 3. 4 Where .Who you you (like) Maths?(live)?(sit) next to at school?you IX.Read the letter from George.Choose the correct answer: A, B, or C Dear Sergio, How(I)you?(2) you want to know about a typical day at my chool?1 always (3)to school with my brother and my friend Steve.School starts at 7 clock 4) the morning, we have five lessons, usually different subjects.Then we lave lunch...
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VIIL.Complete the questions with the verbs in the present simple.When(study)7 they (finish) school?2. What subjects 3. 4 Where .Who you you (like) Maths?(live)?(sit) next to at school?you IX.Read the letter from George.Choose the correct answer: A, B, or C Dear Sergio, How(I)you?(2) you want to know about a typical day at my chool?1 always (3)to school with my brother and my friend Steve.School starts at 7 clock 4) the morning, we have five lessons, usually different subjects.Then we lave lunch I (5) have lunch at school, I go home.In the afternoon, there (6) two lessons My favourite subject is Geography.After school, we often play football.What aboui your Bye for now, George C. are C. Are C. walking A. do A. Does B go B. Do A. walk A. On A. don't A. have B. In B. not B.is C. At C. doesn't Care Underline the correet words.1. This week, he is learning/learns how to speak in public.2. In the summer, I am swimming/ swim at the swimming pool.3. What is she doing does she do at the moment?4. I can't talk now.I am having/ have dinner 5. Are you watching/ Do you watch TV right now?6. We are staying stay at the beach every summer x.xV.Match the questions in column A with the answers in column IB.Answer .What are those?2. Where's your house?a.He lives in town .By motorbik Where does he live?4. No, she lives in the sountry d.It's on Nguyen Iran Street e.Yes, there are f.At six in the morning g.They're video gans rooms .Yes, it is.What time does she get up?5. When do classes start?6. How does she go to work?7. Does she live in town?8. Is it noisy in town?9. Does Nam walk to school?10. Are there any stores opposite your house?No, he goes to school by bike .At 7 in the moraing XVI.Mateh the questions and answers, and write the answer in each blank.Then practise the sh 5exchanges.

I. What are you reading a.No, thay're my old jeans How many books do you read a month?b.About two or three 3.Are you wearing your new jeans?.Do you oten wear jeans?5.How many hours a day do you watch TV7e.c.Yes, most of the time d.It's a film about London No, that's his sister 6 What are you watching at the moment?f.The Lord of the Rings 7.Is Ben playing the s Does she usually play in the aftermoon?h.One or two.Yes, she always plays from 4 until 5 XVIL.Rearder the convenation I'm nervous Hi, Mary.How are you?Because tomorrow is the Maths test.Really?What's the matter?I'm not very happy Why are you nervous?XVII.Couplete each sentence so that it means the same as the sentesce abeve.1. My sister goes to school on foot.My sister 2. The garden is behind Lan's house There is 3. The bank is not far from the post office The bank is 4. There are many flowers in our garden.Our garden 5. Ba lives in town Ba doesnt XIX.Rearrange the words to make correct sentences.1. nearl house/ is/ your/ there/ post office/ a?2. school/ go/ your dol to/ how/ students/ country in?3. go/ by/ to/ they/ bicycle/ school.4. work/ tol city/ your/ in/ how/ people/ da/ travel?5. motorbike/ by/ people/ travel/ work/ to 6. there/ post officel front/ your school/ in/ is/ of/ a?-51

3
11 tháng 11 2018

cái đề làm mk hoa mắt @@

12 tháng 11 2018

bn vt gọn một ít,mk nhìn hoa cả mắtohooho

1. He's always ........ to me (help)2. She's always .......... about homework (explain)3. Hoa is.......about her trip tomorrow(excite)4. The village is ......   in the valley (situate)5. She find it .......... to take picture of flowers (interest)6. All ...... may be cancelled because of the fog (fly)7. The telephone has been widely used since its......... (invent)8. He's always ...... to the visitors (hospitability)9. Son is a...........business man (success)10. You must be ........ when you...
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1. He's always ........ to me (help)

2. She's always .......... about homework (explain)

3. Hoa is.......about her trip tomorrow(excite)

4. The village is ......   in the valley (situate)

5. She find it .......... to take picture of flowers (interest)

6. All ...... may be cancelled because of the fog (fly)

7. The telephone has been widely used since its......... (invent)

8. He's always ...... to the visitors (hospitability)

9. Son is a...........business man (success)

10. You must be ........ when you open that door (care)

11. My sister is ...... in her class (tall)

12. I don't know how you ....... your birthday (celebration)

13. We are very ...... football (interest )

14. Are you fond of ......... sports ? (play )

15. Don't go to see that play, it is very ......... (bore)

16. Jack doesn't mind ......... at night (work)

17. Can you drive a bit more ......... please! (Slow)

18. France is ........ for its beautiful spots (fame)

19.Angkor Wat is one of the ........ of the the world (wonderful)

20. It is hard to find ...... in the summer ( accommondate)

3
1 tháng 9 2016

1. He's always ...helping..... to me (help)

2. She's always ....explaining...... about homework (explain)

3. Hoa is..excited.....about her trip tomorrow(excite)

4. The village is ...suitable...   in the valley (situate)

5. She find it ....interesting...... to take picture of flowers (interest)

6. All .flyer..... may be cancelled because of the fog (fly)

7. The telephone has been widely used since its...invents...... (invent)

8. He's always ...hospitalized... to the visitors (hospitability)

9. Son is a.....successful......business man (success)

10. You must be ..careful...... when you open that door (care)

11. My sister is ....the tallest.. in her class (tall)

12. I don't know how you .....celebrate.. your birthday (celebration)

13. We are very ...interesting... football (interest )

14. Are you fond of .....playing.... sports ? (play )

15. Don't go to see that play, it is very ...boring...... (bore)

16. Jack doesn't mind ....working..... at night (work)

17. Can you drive a bit more ....slowly..... please! (Slow)

18. France is .....famous... for its beautiful spots (fame)

19.Angkor Wat is one of the .....most wonderful... of the the world (wonderful)

 

20. It is hard to find .to accommondate..... in the summer ( accommondate)

 

1 tháng 9 2016

1. He's always ....helpful.... to me (help)

2. She's always ....explaining...... about homework (explain)

3. Hoa is...excited....about her trip tomorrow(excite)

4. The village is ...situation...   in the valley (situate)

5. She find it ....interesting...... to take picture of flowers (interest)

6. All ..flights.... may be cancelled because of the fog (fly)

7. The telephone has been widely used since its...invention...... (invent)

8. He's always ..hospitabling.... to the visitors (hospitability)

9. Son is a....suceed.......business man (success)

10. You must be .....careful ... when you open that door (care)

11. My sister is ...the tallest... in her class (tall)

12. I don't know how you .....celebrate.. your birthday (celebration)

13. We are very ...interesting... football (interest )

14. Are you fond of .....playing.... sports ? (play )

15. Don't go to see that play, it is very .....boring.... (bore)

16. Jack doesn't mind ...working...... at night (work)

17. Can you drive a bit more ...slowly...... please! (Slow)

18. France is ....famous.... for its beautiful spots (fame)

19.Angkor Wat is one of the .....most wonderful ... of the the world (wonderful)

20. It is hard to find ..to accomodation.... in the summer ( accommondate)

#Read the letter below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space. Write your answer in the numbered box below. 0 is an example.(10pts)#Dear Ronnie How are you?Thanks for your email last week. It was great to hear from you. I'm pleased that you are enjoying your new school and that you have made(0)……….. new friends. The project you described in your letter sounds (1)_______interesting! I have some ideas that might help you. The title of the project...
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#Read the letter below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space. Write your answer in the numbered box below. 0 is an example.(10pts)#
Dear Ronnie
 How are you?
Thanks for your email last week. It was great to hear from you. I'm pleased that you are enjoying your new school and that you have made(0)……….. new friends. The project you described in your letter sounds (1)_______interesting! I have some ideas that might help you. The title of the project is 'Ways to Mare my School Better' - is that right? Well, first of all, how (2)________ taking about the rules? Are there any rules that the students (3)_____ like to change? Have you spoken(4)_______ your classmates about any of the rules that they don't like? Why don't you suggest some new rules? I've got a second idea for your project too. How about talking about the clubs at the school? You might have some nice ideas about new hobbies for the pupils. Is there a music club (5)__________ a film-making club? Why don't you suggest some new clubs that are interesting for people your age? The third idea I had was about the buildings in the school. Why don't you suggest ways to make the buildings (6)_________ nicer? How about some pictures or photos on the walls inside the school? That (7)________ make the classrooms look good. Do you think the teachers would like that idea? Anyway, I hope (8)________ideas are helpful. I look forward to reading your project. Send it to me (9)_________email when you have finished it. Let me know (10)_________you need any more help.
Bye for now.
John
    

Giúp mk vs nha. Thanks:333

 

3
14 tháng 2 2020

0. Some

1. Very

2. How

3. Would

4. To

5. Or

6. Look

7. Can

8. These

9. By

10. if

14 tháng 2 2020

Trần Thu Hà số (2) là j v bạn

#Read the letter below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space. Write your answer in the numbered box below. 0 is an example.(10pts)#Dear Ronnie How are you?Thanks for your email last week. It was great to hear from you. I'm pleased that you are enjoying your new school and that you have made(0)……….. new friends. The project you described in your letter sounds (1)_______interesting! I have some ideas that might help you. The title of the project...
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#Read the letter below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space. Write your answer in the numbered box below. 0 is an example.(10pts)#
Dear Ronnie
 How are you?
Thanks for your email last week. It was great to hear from you. I'm pleased that you are enjoying your new school and that you have made(0)……….. new friends. The project you described in your letter sounds (1)_______interesting! I have some ideas that might help you. The title of the project is 'Ways to Mare my School Better' - is that right? Well, first of all, how (2)________ taking about the rules? Are there any rules that the students (3)_____ like to change? Have you spoken(4)_______ your classmates about any of the rules that they don't like? Why don't you suggest some new rules? I've got a second idea for your project too. How about talking about the clubs at the school? You might have some nice ideas about new hobbies for the pupils. Is there a music club (5)__________ a film-making club? Why don't you suggest some new clubs that are interesting for people your age? The third idea I had was about the buildings in the school. Why don't you suggest ways to make the buildings (6)_________ nicer? How about some pictures or photos on the walls inside the school? That (7)________ make the classrooms look good. Do you think the teachers would like that idea? Anyway, I hope (8)________ideas are helpful. I look forward to reading your project. Send it to me (9)_________email when you have finished it. Let me know (10)_________you need any more help.
Bye for now.
John
    

Giúp mk vs nha. Thanks:333

 

1
9 tháng 10

Thank nha

 

Dịch:Some theories of the purpose of dreamsFreud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We...
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Dịch:

Some theories of the purpose of dreams

Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?

Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.

The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.

Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit like a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.

Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.

REM and dreaming

Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.

Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.

It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, like language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.

New research

Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses like hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.

Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.

So what’s the conclusion?

Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in particular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.

Doing the research for this article has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?

Find the new words and translate it

5
1 tháng 2 2018

Một số lý thuyết về mục đích của những giấc mơ

Freud tin rằng chúng ta mơ ước để chúng ta có thể giải toả những ham muốn sâu, bí mật mà chúng ta không được phép diễn đạt trong cuộc sống thực bởi vì các quy tắc của xã hội lịch sự. Hầu hết mọi người đều biết về phân tích giấc mơ của Freud - giấc mơ về một con tàu đi vào đường hầm là một giấc mơ về quan hệ tình dục. Nhưng liệu đó có phải chỉ là một giấc mơ khi du hành trên tàu?

Một lý thuyết khác là những giấc mơ cho phép chúng ta giải quyết những vấn đề mà chúng ta không thể giải quyết trong cuộc sống thực. Chúng tôi đi ngủ với một vấn đề và thức dậy với câu trả lời. Đây có thể là một cách để "sử dụng" ước mơ của chúng ta hơn là một mục đích "của mơ ước. Nếu bạn tin rằng giấc mơ của bạn là quan trọng thì việc phân tích chúng có thể giúp bạn tập trung suy nghĩ về vấn đề và giúp bạn tìm ra giải pháp.

Hình ảnh hiện đại là giấc mơ là cách để làm sạch ổ cứng của máy tính, tổ chức các sự kiện trong ngày vào các thư mục và xóa các rác mà nó không muốn giữ. Nhưng tất cả chúng ta đều biết rằng rất ít những gì chúng tôi mơ ước mỗi tối liên quan đến những gì đã xảy ra với chúng tôi ngày hôm đó.

Một ý tưởng khác là giấc mơ là cách hành xử của não đối với hành vi mà chúng ta cần phải tồn tại. Vì vậy, chúng tôi mơ ước được bị đuổi bởi một con quái vật bởi vì một ngày nào đó có thể xảy ra! Nó giống như một nghệ sĩ piano thực hành quy mô của cô ấy mỗi ngày mặc dù cô ấy không cần sử dụng chúng vào lúc đó.

Những người khác tin rằng giấc mơ là cách não thực hiện các con đường giữa các tế bào não. Đây có thể là một yếu tố quan trọng tại sao chúng ta ngủ nhiều hơn là tại sao chúng ta mơ ước. Chúng ta chết nếu chúng ta không ngủ nhưng chúng ta có thể sống mà không mơ mộng. Một số bệnh nhân bị thương não mất khả năng mơ ước nhưng dường như không bị ảnh hưởng xấu.

REM và mơ ước

Các nhà khoa học từng nghĩ rằng giấc mơ chỉ xảy ra trong giấc ngủ Mắt nhanh (REM). Giấc ngủ REM là điều cần thiết cho tất cả các động vật có vú. Tất cả chúng ta trở nên cáu kỉnh và chán nản nếu không có nó. Nếu chúng ta không có đủ giấc ngủ đêm REM, chúng tôi sẽ đền bù bằng cách có thêm thời gian tiếp theo. REM được tạo ra bởi bộ não - phần lâu đời nhất và nguyên thủy nhất của bộ não. Vì vậy, các nhà khoa học từng tin rằng giấc mơ cũng là do hoạt động trong não. Bây giờ chúng ta biết rằng giấc mơ có thể xảy ra bất cứ lúc nào trong suốt giấc ngủ. Sự khác biệt duy nhất có thể là dễ nhớ hơn những giấc mơ xảy ra trong REM.

Trẻ sơ sinh có nhiều hoạt động REM hơn người lớn, nhưng nghiên cứu cho thấy họ mơ ước ít hơn. Điều này cũng có thể đúng với động vật. Chúng tôi biết rằng họ có hoạt động REM nhưng điều đó không có nghĩa là họ mơ ước.

Nó cũng có vẻ như là mơ ước là một kỹ năng phát triển khi bạn lớn lên, chẳng hạn như ngôn ngữ ví dụ. Ước mơ của trẻ nhỏ rất khác so với giấc mơ của những đứa trẻ lớn tuổi hơn và người lớn.

Nghiên cứu mới

Công nghệ hiện đại đã cho phép các nhà khoa học lập bản đồ các bộ phận của não hoạt động khi chúng ta mơ ước. Giun sơ khai rất năng động, nhưng cũng là những khu vực quan trọng khác ở phía trước của não. Đây là những thùy trán điều khiển cảm xúc, trí nhớ và kinh nghiệm đi qua các giác quan như nghe và nhìn. Nếu những khu vực này bị thương, người đó ngừng mơ. Mặt khác, các lĩnh vực kiểm soát suy nghĩ hợp lý, hợp lý không hoạt động chút nào. Điều này có thể giải thích tại sao những giấc mơ thật kỳ lạ. Họ không có trình tự hoặc thời gian hợp lý, điều này khiến họ rất khó giải thích cho người khác khi chúng tôi thức dậy. Giấc mơ kết hợp các sự kiện gần đây với những sự kiện trong quá khứ và cảm xúc của chúng ta trong khi chúng ta đang mơ ước thường rất mạnh.

Các nhà tâm lý học cũng đã thực hiện các nghiên cứu về những người giữ nhật ký trong một thời gian dài (đến 50 năm trong một số trường hợp) và nhận thấy rằng những gì chúng ta mơ ước có liên quan rất nhiều đến cách chúng ta suy nghĩ và hành xử khi chúng ta tỉnh táo. Vì vậy, một người hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm sẽ có những giấc mơ hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm. Một người nhút nhát sẽ là một người nhút nhát trong những giấc mơ của mình. Những người quan trọng đối với chúng ta thường có trong giấc mơ của chúng ta và những điều đó sẽ làm chúng ta lo lắng hoặc làm cho chúng ta hạnh phúc.

Vậy kết luận là gì?

Vâng, không ai thực sự biết. Nhưng các nhà khoa học hiện đang cho thấy những giấc mơ hoàn toàn không có mục đích. Khi chúng ta tỉnh dậy chúng ta đang 'suy nghĩ' mọi lúc. Một số suy nghĩ này là hữu ích và có một mục đích. Nhưng chúng ta thường chỉ "nghĩ" về không có gì đặc biệt trong khi chúng ta chờ xe buýt hoặc đi bộ để làm việc. Và đó là những gì mà bộ não đang làm khi chúng ta đang ngủ - chỉ cần suy nghĩ. Đôi khi nó thú vị và đôi khi nó là nhàm chán.

Làm nghiên cứu cho bài viết này đã làm tôi quan tâm nhiều hơn đến ước mơ của tôi chứ không phải là ít hơn. Tôi thậm chí có thể bắt đầu một nhật ký trong giấc mơ! Nhưng không có gì tôi đã đọc giải thích tại sao đôi khi tôi có một giấc mơ xấu hổ vì thấy mình đang đứng khỏa thân hoàn toàn tại bến xe buýt. May mắn thay, điều này đã không bao giờ xảy ra với tôi trong cuộc sống thực, và nó không phải là điều mà tôi nghĩ về khi tôi thức. Tôi được nói rằng đó là một ví dụ về 'giấc mơ phổ quát' - một giấc mơ phổ biến cho mọi người trên thế giới. Giấc mơ bay là một ví dụ khác. Vậy giải thích là gì? Chúng ta không thể chỉ "suy nghĩ" về cùng một điều, phải không?

1 tháng 2 2018

Some theories of the purpose of dreams

Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?

Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.

The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.

Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.

Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.

REM and dreaming

Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.

Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.

It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.

New research

Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.

Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.

So what’s the conclusion?

Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in parular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.

Doing the research for this arle has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?

Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the words in brackets. 1. I'll help you(familiar)...............yourself with the city. 2. Despite the star-stuffed cast, the film was only(part).........successful. 3. I lost my temper becaus he was being so(head).........and was rafusing to accept that he was wrong, despite all the evidence. 4. He wrote the book alone, so he doesn't have a(n)(author)............ 5. He felt very(courage)...........when he saw he had failed the exam again. 6....
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Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the words in brackets.
1. I'll help you(familiar)...............yourself with the city.
2. Despite the star-stuffed cast, the film was only(part).........successful.
3. I lost my temper becaus he was being so(head).........and was rafusing to accept that he was wrong, despite all the evidence.
4. He wrote the book alone, so he doesn't have a(n)(author)............
5. He felt very(courage)...........when he saw he had failed the exam again.
6. Are all those(add)........they put in food really necessary?
7. The teacher warned the children that if they(behave)................again.
8. Librarians spend a lot of time(class).............books.
9. I don't care if you had had too much to drink. Your behavior last night was quite(defend)................
10. Don't worry! Our new product will keep your bathroom clean and(ordour)..................
11. It was a complete(fail).........due to poor planning.
12. It was very(friend)............of you to slam the door in his face.
13. The man cycled(care)...........and had an accident.
14. Could you(straight)............the picture over the sofa?
15. It's hard to buy meat on the island but fish is(plenty).............
16. I've only been to Paris(one).............before, and that was many years ago.
17. My car is much too(rely)...........to take on a long journey.
18. In(conclude).........., I'd like to thank the people who have helped me while I have been working here.
19. She was sentenced to forty years(prison)...........for manslaughter.
20. These quantities are(sufficient)..............for the number of orders received.

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8 tháng 4 2018

Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the words in brackets.
1. I'll help you(familiar).......familiarize........yourself with the city.
2. Despite the star-stuffed cast, the film was only(part).....partially....successful.
3. I lost my temper becaus he was being so(head)....headstrong.....and was rafusing to accept that he was wrong, despite all the evidence.
4. He wrote the book alone, so he doesn't have a(n)(author)....authorization........
5. He felt very(courage).....discouraged......when he saw he had failed the exam again.
6. Are all those(add)..additives.....they put in food really necessary?
7. The teacher warned the children that if they(behave)......misbehaved..........again.
8. Librarians spend a lot of time(class)......classifying.......books.
9. I don't care if you had had too much to drink. Your behavior last night was quite(defend)........indefensible........
10. Don't worry! Our new product will keep your bathroom clean and(ordour).........odourless.........
11. It was a complete(fail)...failure......due to poor planning.
12. It was very(friend)....unfriendly..of you to slam the door in his face.
13. The man cycled(care)....carelessly.......and had an accident.
14. Could you(straight)......straighten......the picture over the sofa?
15. It's hard to buy meat on the island but fish is(plenty).....plentiful.......
16. I've only been to Paris(one)......once.......before, and that was many years ago.
17. My car is much too(rely)......unreliable.....to take on a long journey.
18. In(conclude)......conclusio...., I'd like to thank the people who have helped me while I have been working here.
19. She was sentenced to forty years(prison)....prinsonal.......for manslaughter.
20. These quantities are(sufficient)........insufficient......for the number of orders received.

FIGHTING!! haha

8 tháng 4 2018

Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the words in brackets.
1. I'll help you(familiar)...FAMILILARLY............yourself with the city.
2. Despite the star-stuffed cast, the film was only(part).PARTAL........successful.
3. I lost my temper becaus he was being so(head).HEADLESS........and was rafusing to accept that he was wrong, despite all the evidence.
4. He wrote the book alone, so he doesn't have a(n)(author)..CO-AUTHOR..........
5. He felt very(courage)...DISCOURAGING........when he saw he had failed the exam again.
6. Are all those(add).ADDITIONS.......they put in food really necessary?
7. The teacher warned the children that if they(behave)...BEHAVIOURED.............again.
8. Librarians spend a lot of time(class)....CLASSIFYING.........books.
9. I don't care if you had had too much to drink. Your behavior last night was quite(defend)...INDEFENSIBLE.............
10. Don't worry! Our new product will keep your bathroom clean and(ordour)...ORDOURLESS...............
11. It was a complete(fail).FAILURE........due to poor planning.
12. It was very(friend)...UNFRIENDLY.........of you to slam the door in his face.
13. The man cycled(care).....CARELESSLY......and had an accident.
14. Could you(straight)..STRAIGHTEN..........the picture over the sofa?
15. It's hard to buy meat on the island but fish is(plenty).PLENTIFUL............
16. I've only been to Paris(one)....ONCE.........before, and that was many years ago.
17. My car is much too(rely)..RELIABLE.........to take on a long journey.
18. In(conclude)..CONCLUSION........, I'd like to thank the people who have helped me while I have been working here.
19. She was sentenced to forty years(prison).IMPRISONMENT..........for manslaughter.
20. These quantities are(sufficient).INSUFFICIENT.............for the number of orders received.

IV. Complete the sentences with the words below.  have    into     make   voice     up        get      excuse     tell     clue        tongue  1. Why are you shouting at the top of your ………………………….? I’m standing right beside you 2. He’s very nervous. He’s been asked to ………………………… a speech at his nephew’s wedding. 3. I didn’t ………………………… the point of what she was trying to say. Did you understand her?4. There’s so much noise...
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IV. Complete the sentences with the words below

.  have    into     make   voice     up        get      excuse     tell     clue        tongue  
1. Why are you shouting at the top of your ………………………….? I’m standing right beside you 

2. He’s very nervous. He’s been asked to ………………………… a speech at his nephew’s wedding. 

3. I didn’t ………………………… the point of what she was trying to say. Did you understand her?

4. There’s so much noise in the room that I can’t hear you. Please speak …………………………

5. I’ll leave my phone number on the notice board in case you need to ………………………… in touch with me.

6. Please don’t raise your voice to me. I don’t want to ………………………… an argument about this. 

7. She’s only three years old; she may have a watch, but she can’t ………………………… the time yet. 

8. I haven’t a ………………………… what the answer to your question is. Maybe Mark can help you. 

9. I don’t believe he was ill yesterday. He’s just making an …………………………

10. The name of the shop is on the tip of my ………………………… but I can’t remember it now.  

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