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An American professor who has studied the Mayas.........HAS........ come up........WITH.....a new theory about the sudden end of their empire.According to Professor Richard Hansen, an archaeologist....AT..... the University of California; the collapse of the Mayan.......CIVILIZATION... in Central America was.....BROUGHT..... about by the Mayas....THEMSELVES............
Their object was to display their wealth and power by making their building and decorations as beautiful as possible.This involved using large quantities of lime, which they put..........ON........the walls to make them smooth. Unfortunately, the creation of lime is a precess which requires intense heat, and they.....THEREFORE... had to cut down huge numbers.....OF....... trees. This affected the quality of the soil, and it..........BECAME..........almost impossible to farm
An American professor who studied the Mayas has (1)_______ a new theory about the sudden end of their empire. (2)_______ to Professor Richard Hansen, an archaeologist at the University of California, (3)_______ of the Mayan civilization in central American was (4)_______ about by the Mayas themselves.
Their object was to display their (5)_______ and power by making their buildings and decoration as beautiful as possible. This involved using large quantities of lime, which they put on the walls to make them smooth. Unfortunately, the creation of lime is a process that requires intense heat, and they, therefore, had to cut down huge numbers of trees. This affected the quality of the soil, and it became almost impossible to farm.
Professor Hansen, who has just returned from an excavation in the El Mirador region of northern Guatemala, (6)_______ a meeting of archaeologists in Philadelphia that the Mayas, having made this mistake in the 3rd century, repeated it 600 years later, at which time it proved fatal. Increasing food (7)_______ among the Mayas created a Central American equivalent of the Peloponnesian War which ravaged (8)_______ Greece. However, unlike the Greek civil war, which only (9)_______ for 27 years, the Mayas wars went on for many centuries and left many of their great cities and temples in (10)_______.
Question 1.
A. Come down to B. come up with
C. keep up with D. look up to
Question 2.
A. Referring B. Relating C. According D. Respecting
Question 3.
A. collapse B. drop C. going down D. crash
Question 4.
A. Made B. came C. turned D. brought
Question 5.
A. wealth B. fortune C. cash D. salary
Question 6.
A. explained B. suggested C. told D. claimed
Question 7.
A. lack B. shortages C. droughts D. failures
Question 8.
A. antique B. old C. past D. ancient
Question 9.
A. stayed B. spent C. lasted D. longed
Question 10.
A. injuries. B. damages C. spoils D. ruins
Supply each blank with one suitable word:
Many tourists who visit Central America find (1).......it....... surprising to learn that the Mayas still live there. (2).......although........ it is tue that their country was (3)...........taken....... over by the Spanish conquistadors, the Mayan people carried (4)...........on....... living in the area. Today there are an estimated 1.2 million Mayas (5).........who......... live in the southern Mexico, and many other areas of Central America states have large Mayan popoulations as (6).........well.........
Many of their stories and art forms have remained (7)..........unchanged........ over time, and today, women weave clothing and carpets that have signs and symbols that have the same as (8)..........those........ found in ancient temples.
The different patterns and symbols onthese brightly coloured (9).........clothes........ not only look attractive, (10)..........but........ also communicate important informationsuch as marital (11).........status.........
Even though the majority of the Mayas are nor Catholics, many of the festivals that they (12).........take......... part in are a mixture of the old rituals that their ancestors (13)..........use........ to practise and more modern Christian elements. It was perhaps the Maya's ability to (14)..........adapt........ and change that made it possible for them to survive to the (15)..........present........ day.
Supply each blank with one suitable word:
Many tourists who visit Central America find (1)......it........ surprising to learn that the Mayas still live there. (2)......Although......... it is tue that their country was (3)........taken.......... over by the Spanish conquistadors, the Mayan people carried (4)........on.......... living in the area. Today there are an estimated 1.2 million Mayas (5).......who........... live in the southern Mexico, and many other areas of Central America states have large Mayan popoulations as (6)........well..........
Many of their stories and art forms have remained (7)........unchanged.......... over time, and today, women weave clothing and carpets that have signs and symbols that have the same as (8).........those......... found in ancient temples.
The different patterns and symbols onthese brightly coloured (9)......clothes............ not only look attractive, (10).......but ........... also communicate important informationsuch as marital (11)........status..........
Even though the majority of the Mayas are nor Catholics, many of the festivals that they (12)........take.......... part in are a mixture of the old rituals that their ancestors (13).........use......... to practise and more modern Christian elements. It was perhaps the Maya's ability to (14).........adapt......... and change that made it possible for them to survive to the (15).......present........... day.
Judo is a sport that has achieved great (1. popular) _popularity___ in many parts of the world. It was (2. origin) __originally__ developed in Japan in the late 19th century based on ancient methods of self-defence. There are two (3. fight) _fighters___. Although they use physical violence against each other, they are respectful to their (4. oppose) _opponent___ and bow to each other before and after each contest.
Judo is an (5. expensive) __inexpensive__ sport to take up because the only equipment you need is the special loose-fitting suit. It is very suitable for (6. young) _youngsters___ if they join a club where the (7. instruct) _instructors___ are properly qualified and pay enough attention to safety. Although Judo is a physically (8. demand) _demanding___ sport which requires a lot of strength prace and skill, there are many people who find it enjoyable as a mean of relaxation in their spare time.
16. a. with b. to c. for d. about
17. a. in b. at c. on d. belongs to
18. a. civil b. civilians c. civilize d. civilization
19. a. brought b. turned c. came d. made
20. a. themselves b. themself c. theirself d. theyselves
21. a. popular b. suitable c. possible d. available
22. a. in b. on c. for d. to
23. a. however b. therefore c. moreover d. besides
24. a. on b. of c. for d. Æ
25. a. become b. becomes c. has become d. became
16. a. with b. to c. for d. about
17. a. in b. at c. on d. belongs to
18. a. civil b. civilians c. civilize d. civilization
19. a. brought b. turned c. came d. made
20. a. themselves b. themself c. theirself d. theyselves
21. a. popular b. suitable c. possible d. available
22. a. in b. on c. for d. to
23. a. however b. therefore c. moreover d. besides
24. a. on b. of c. for d. Æ
25. a. become b. becomes c. has become d. became