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\(a.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.1,5=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,3}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\\ \Rightarrow Mgdư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ b.V_{ddsau}=V_{ddHCl}=0,2\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
100ml = 0,1l
\(n_{HCl}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,1
a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\)
⇒ Mg phản ứng hết , HCl dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Mg
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3-\left(0,1.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{MgCl2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
nAl = 5.4/27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 3H2SO4 => Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0.2____0.3_________________0.3
VH2 = 0.3*22.4 = 6.72(l)
CM H2SO4 = 0.3/0.1 = 3 M
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,3mol=n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,1}=3\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{84}{56}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.1,5}{84+300-1,5.2}.100\%=\dfrac{190,5}{381}.100\%=50\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{130}{65}=2mol\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=2mol\\ V_{H_2}=2.22,4=44,8l\\ 1000ml=1l\\ n_{HCl}=2.2=4mol\\ C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{4}{1}=4M\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m_{Zn}}{M_{Zn}}=\dfrac{130}{65}=2mol\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl2 + H2
TL; 1 2 1 1
mol: 2 \(\rightarrow\) 4
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=4.36,5=146g\)
đổi 1000 ml= 1l
\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{V_{HCl}}.100\%=\dfrac{146}{1}.100=14600\%\)
số hơi lớn em xem lại đề nhé
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2↑
b. Ta có: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{97,8}{18}=5,43\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{5,43}{2}\)
=> H2O dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(lít\right)\)
c. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{NaOH}}=2,3+97,8=100,1\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{4}{100,1}.100\%=3,996\%\)
a)
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} =b (mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 27b = 11(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\% = 50,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 50,9\% = 49,1\%$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,4} = 2M$
c)
$C_{M_{FeCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4} = 0,25M$
$C_{M_{AlCl_3}} =\dfrac{0,2}{0,4} = 0,5M$
a)
$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$
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